The profit-driven tendency of interior design trends and styles today has developed in line with the decrease of social awareness in design. The majority of interior design students also decide to pursue interior design education for its marketable and profitable purposes rather than seeing interior design as a field of opportunity to contribute to the social welfare of their communities. Hence, the objective of this research is to implement community service through co-design in interior design pedagogy. The article describes the learning and design methods used based on human-centred design approaches of co-design and analyses the resulting benefits from this approach. Findings reveal that the process of collective creativity and collaborative development with the community enables a direct experience of learning and fosters a deeper connection and understanding of users. They also promote novel multidisciplinary design innovations, accommodate the community's potentials in the society and stimulate a reflexive impact, allowing students to reflect on their future role as interior designers in bringing positive changes to their community against the profit-driven tendency of contemporary designers today.

Traditional Dayak houses in Kalimantan have several types of buildings that were built based on vernacular architectural traditions. The traditional house represents past ways of living and building which are full of cultural wisdom and values. The houses themselves and the cultural values they represent have been inherited, rebuilt, reshaped, and redefined in accordance with cultural and changing architectural traditions. This study aims to discover the characteristics of the cultural wisdom in the Betang Dayak Ngaju house in Central Kalimantan, along its influence on modern construction practises. Descriptive analysis was conducted to discover the wisdom of symbolic meanings and the various forms of sustainability in the present. The results showed that the Betang house displays a combination of ancient vernacular traditions and foreign architectural traditions that apply the typical Batang Garing metaphor as a core concept that illustrates the structural unity between the house and its environment. Keywords: Vernacular Architecture, Sustainability, Traditional House’s, Dayak Tribe

Creative communities have the potential in promoting a city's cultural and touristic values. In Surabaya, the lack of properly designed spaces to accommodate their unique activities and promote them to the society have become key obstacles observed. Meanwhile, the profit-driven tendency of interior design practice today has led to the decrease in community and social awareness in design education. This research aims to implement participatory methods in the design of community spaces as studio projects to encourage students and lecturers to gain more social awareness of surrounding communities and utilize their expertise to contribute to the society. Through ethnographic methods of observation, students and lecturers participated in a creative community's activities in order to grasp their aspirations empathetically. The community was also invited to participate in the design process of defining problems, setting design goals, ideating concepts and testing design prototypes. Findings reveal that through participatory design, the designs of community spaces yielded can accommodate creative activities in a novel way and assist in promoting their potentials to the society, contributing to the vision of Surabaya as a creative city. Students and lecturers also gain a reflexive introspection of their significant role in the society as agents of social change.

East Kalimantan has 74 family tribes out of 405 Dayak family tribes in Kalimantan. In the past, the dwellings of Dayak tribes were known as lamin or amin (Dayak Kenyah), luuq (Dayak Tunjung) or lou (Dayak Benuaq). This research aims to specifically discuss about the Dayak traditional house with lou Pepas Eheng Dayak Benuaq as the research object. The research uses the Erwin Panofsky's method of Iconology to analyse the hidden meaning of the architectural and interior form configurations of Lou Pepas Eheng. Based on the analysis of data, findings reveal that the hidden meanings behind lou relate to the cosmology of the Dayak tribe regarding the harmony of human life with the universe. A house is the embodiment of the process of human life from birth till death, a representation of family values, gotong royong (an Indonesian cultural term for assisting each other), unity and social life. It is also a representation of the physical values of domestic protection and safety. A house is also a spiritual symbol of life views, norms, beliefs, philosophies and local genius of the Dayak Benuaq society that can be symbolically analysed from the building form, spatial organisation and containments.

Objective - Creative communities have the potential to increase a city’s social, economic, and touristic values. Despite their evident existence in Surabaya, these communities lack support in terms of public spaces and exhibition facilities with suitable designs that could accommodate their unique activities and communicate their aspirations to the public. This research-design project aims to prove the social and economic benefits of the human-centered design process by implementing various human-centered design approaches in the interior design of creative community spaces (CCS) so that they can accommodate the unique activities of existing creative communities and serve as assembly points for entrepreneurial or start-up groups. Methodology/Technique – Two teams of interior designers were tasked to design a community space and exhibition facility for two creative communities in Surabaya. A combined method based on different human-centered design approaches of applied ethnography, participatory design, co-design, contextual design, emphatic design, and lead user approach was conducted through six stages of design process consisting of: Empathize, Point of View, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. Findings & Novelty - The results of this research-design project are novel designs of community co-working spaces and exhibition facilities based on the unique human values, hobbies, and characteristics of the creative community that proved the social and economic benefits of human-centered design in the practice of interior design. Through the design of the creative community spaces yielded, interior and building designers can promote the activities and aspirations of existing creative communities such that they may, in turn, contribute to the development of Surabaya’s social, economic, and touristic values. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: M13, M19. Keywords: Human-Centered Design; Creative Community; Community Design; Surabaya; Creative Economy; Design. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Thamrin, D; Wardani, L.K; Sitindjak, R.H.I. 2020. Empowering Surabaya Creative Communities and Start-ups through Human-centred Design, Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review 8(2): 102 – 112. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2020.8.2(4)