The use of manufacturing additives or commonly known as 3D Printing is increasingly widespread. The type of additive manufacturing that is often used is FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling). The most frequently used filament for prototyping and research is PLA (Poly Lactide Acid) type filament. This research will use multiresponse optimization, namely Taguchi-grey. So that later in this study will use 9 conditions with 3 parameters and 3 levels. The parameters used were orientation (0 °, 45 °, 90 °), nozzle temperature (190 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C), and bed temperature (0 °C, 30 °C, 60 °C). The purpose of this study was to find the most optimal parameters based on response time, dimensional accuracy and tensile strength. Based on analysis using Taguchi-grey, ANOVA results show that the most significant contribution is nozzle temperature (51%) and orientation (42%). From ANOVA, it can be seen that the most optimal condition is condition 6 which has been printed, with orientation of 45°, nozzle temperature of 220°C and bed temperature of 0°C.
Teknologi 3D printing atau yang umum disebut sebagai additive manufacturing merupakan salah satu metode rapid prototyping yang saat ini semakin luas digunakan. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) merupakan salah satu jenis material yang penggunaannya cukup masif dalam teknologi 3D printing. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode desain eksperimen orthogonal arrays L9 (3 3 ). Adapun parameter proses yang digunakan adalah temperature nozzle, temperature base plate/bed dan orientasi, serta dengan tiga variasi level pada setiap parameter proses (230 o C, 240 o C, 250 o C, 90 o C, 100 o C, 110 o C, 0 o , 45 o , 90 o ).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari parameter proses yang paling optimal terhadap hasil respon waktu pengerjaan, sifat mekanik kekuatan lentur, dan akurasi dimensi. Parameter tersebut digunakan untuk kombinasi metode Taguchi dan PCR-TOPSIS dalam menyelesaikan persoalan multirespon. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ANOVA, parameter dengan level yang menghasilkan respon gabungan paling optimal adalah terletak pada spesimen kondisi ke-3, yaitu dengan nilai temperature nozzle sebesar 230°C; temperature base plate/bed sebesar 110°C; dan arah orientasi printing sebesar 90°. Hasil analisis dari PCR-Topsis terhadap 3 parameter proses menunjukkan bahwa parameter yang memiliki pengaruh yang paling tinggi secara berurutan adalah orientasi 33%, temperature base plate/bed 28% dan temperature nozzle 18%.
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