The formation of glauconite from the Chinese Yellow Sea and the Chinese Eastern Sea was studied by the use of Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy. The process of glauconite formation appears to differ between the respective seas, due to different initial substances of the formation. The results show the valence states and the crystallographic sites of the iron cations, and suggest that there may be a correlation between the formation process of glauconite and Mo¨ssbauer parameters.

The spin pinning in the oxide surface layer has been observed directly, and it is considered a possible reason why the oxide layer leads to the decrease of the specific saturation magnetization for fine iron particles. The pinning depth has been estimated by means of a Mössbauer effect under an applied field of 6 T in a thermal-cycle process. The Debye temperature of the oxide layer and the temperature dependence of f2/f1 have been obtained, where f1 and f2 are the Mössbauer recoilless fractions for the inner α-Fe core and the oxide layer, respectively. Furthermore, the estimation for the thickness of an oxide layer has been improved.

Investigation of the new mixed-valence trinuclear complexes of FcMFc (M = Ni, Cu) indicates that intramolecular long-range charge transfer for FcNiFc complex processes in timescale 1.6•106 s−1 through a long bridge including a coordinated bond at room temperature.

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Onset of superconductivity of the new high T c superconductorEu-Sa-Cu-0 w a s found t o be 92K. The valence of Eu ion and,the Debye temperature of this superconductor w e r e determined using Mcisbauer spectroscopy. The experimental results shm abnormal changes of isomer shift and lattice-softening nearby the transition temperature Tc. It seems that high Debye temperature is not a necessary condition for this high Tc superconducting system.