Plasmonic metasurfaces (PMs) functionalized with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) are promising biophotonic sensors for biomolecular interaction analysis and convenient immunoassay of various biomarkers, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. Previous PM biosensing suffers from the slow affinity detection rate and lack of sufficient immunoassay studies on various SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we develop a high-efficiency affinity testing method based on label-free PM sensors with mAbs and demonstrate their binding characteristics to 12 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) variants of SARS-CoV-2. In addition to the research of plasmonic near-field influence on surface biomolecule sensing, we provide a comprehensive report about the Langmuir binding equilibrium of molecular kinetics between 12 SARS-CoV-2 RBD variants and mAb-functionalized PMs, which plays a crucial role in label-free immunosensing. A high-affinity mAb can be combined with the highly sensitive propagating plasmonic mode to boost the detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Owing to a better understanding of molecular dynamics on PMs, we develop an ultrasensitive biosensor of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The experiments show great distinguishment of P < 0.0001 from respiratory diseases induced by other viruses, and the limit of detection is 2 orders smaller than the commercial colloidal gold immunoassay. Our study shows the label-free biosensing by low-cost wafer-scale PMs, which will provide essential information on biomolecular interaction and facilitate high-precision point-of-care testing for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants in the future.

Neonatal retinal hemorrhage (RH) is the most common ocular fundus disease among newborns. Early detection and timely intervention are vital for reducing the risk of visual impairment caused by RH. However, little is known about the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of RH in southern China. Full-term infants born in Qingyuan City during the first 10 days of each month in 2021 were included in this study. All infants underwent RetCam III retinal examinations. Detailed information on retinal hemorrhage, including involved eyes, bleeding severity, and affected area (extrafoveal macula, fovea, or optic disc), and clinical information on the neonates and their mothers was collected. The results showed that among the 1072 eligible neonates, 266 (24.8%) had neonatal retinal hemorrhage. Consistent bilateral retinal hemorrhage severity was observed in 83.2% of the cases. The prevalence of optic disc involved RH, extrafoveal macular involved RH and foveal involved RH were 23.7%, 81.2% and 2.63%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower birth weight (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40–0.99; p < 0.05) and vaginal delivery (OR, 20.6; 95% CI, 9.10–46.5; p < 0.001) were risk factors of neonatal RH. The area under the ROC curve of vaginal delivery, combined with birth weight, as predictors of neonatal RH was 0.73, with 85.3% sensitivity and 23.9% specificity. The birth weight cutoff was 3460 g. Our results suggested that neonatal RH is common in full-term neonates in southern China. It usually has the same severity in both eyes and mostly involves the extrafoveal macular region. Vaginal delivery and low birth weight are risk factors for neonatal RH.

Objective. To compare eye-related quality of life between Chinese children wearing orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses and single-vision spectacles (SVS) using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ) and to evaluate the impact of different myopia correction methods on children and their parents. Methods. Children aged 12–17 years and their parents/legal guardians were recruited. The children’s myopia ranged from −0.50 to −5.00 diopters (D), and their astigmatism was <1.50 D. They had all been wearing OK contact lenses or SVS for at least 12 months. The children completed the Child PedEyeQ. One of their parents (or a legal guardian) completed the Proxy PedEyeQ and the Parent PedEyeQ. Rasch-calibrated PedEyeQ scores were calculated for each domain and were converted to a scale from 0 to 100 for statistical analysis. Results. A total of 50 children wearing OK contact lenses, 43 children wearing SVS, and their parents/legal guardians completed the questionnaires. The scores of all Child, Proxy, and Parent PedEyeQ domains in the OK contact lens group were higher than those in the SVS group (all P < 0.05 ). In the mild and moderate myopia subgroups, the Child, Proxy, and Parent PedEyeQ scores in the mild myopia OK contact lens subgroup were higher than those in the mild myopia SVS group (all P < 0.05 ) except functional vision and bothered by eyes/vision domains for the proxy PedEyeQ. Similarly, the Child, Proxy, and Parent PedEyeQ scores in the moderate myopia OK contact lens subgroup were higher than those in the moderate myopia SVS subgroup (all P < 0.05 ) except impact on parent and family domain for the parent PedEyeQ. In the subgroup analysis of glasses type, no significant score difference of any Child, Proxy, and Parent PedEyeQ domain was detected between mild and moderate myopia in either the OK contact lens group or the SVS group (all P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Compared with children wearing SVS, children wearing OK contact lenses have better functional vision and eye-related quality of life. Moreover, OK contact lens has a better correction effect, higher acceptance rates, and less impact on parents and families than SVS.