This exploratory research in the sociology of talk is focused on three questions for analysis: (1) One hundred and thirty (130) dyadic encounters were recorded and analyzed; the "actor" is the respondent and the "other" is the person with whom actor has the conversation. An analysis of these encounters revealed that nearly two-thirds of the 870 instances of verbal communications were talk which controlled information. Frequency tables and typologies delineate (1) forms of information control and (2) reasons for information control.Although most codes of ethics, religious canons, and humanitarian ideals deprecate deception in whatever form, conversations in everyday life are noticeably characterized by forms of deceit ranging from "white lies" to exploitative prevarication. Analysis of dyadic conversations shows that not only are forms of deception frequently employed, they are necessary, even mandatory discursive elements. In everyday conversations, honesty is not always the best policy.

The first day of class is crucial in setting the tone for the rest of the semester (Dorn 1987; Riffer 1983; Weimer 1989). This paper describes an exercise that we use on the first day of our courses in the sociology of deviance and in introductory sociology. Four objectives are sought in the initial meeting. The first two are the answers to two questions suggested by Dorn (1987): "What are we doing here together?" and "What is the sociological substance of the course?" In answer to the first question, students should know what they will be able to do by the end of the course. To this end, we give them an overview of things to come that will enable them to place course material in an appropriate context. To address Dorn's second question, we expose students to a major sociological concept, the social construction of reality. They experience firsthand the insights and the usefulness of the concept before they have had time to read and discuss any of the course material. The exercise uses lay language and experiences already familiar to students. The third objective is to show students the power of the sociological imagination in understanding their social world.

Classification, a fundamental human act, is the ultimate foundation of science, as well as the basis of everyday life. Exercising the prerogatives of science and the arts, the social sciences are rich in metaphoric classifications: mechanistic, organismic, systemic, and dramaturgical to name a few. Metaphors like similes, parables, and models are useful tools only as long as they are remembered as what they are-constructs. A beguiling temptation exists to treat such classifications literally as reified entities and as hypostasized tautologies. This paper addresses the misuse of language-semanticide-in the social sciences and particularly the sociological concepts of attitude, norm, and role. Semanticide occurs when these concepts are converted from behavioral descriptions into tautological causes. A renewed emphasis on the philosophy and sociology of language is needed.The tendency has always been strong to believe that whatever receives a name must be an entity or being, having an independent existence of its own: and if no real entity answering to the name could be found, men did not for that reason suppose that none existed, but imagined that it was something peculiarly abstruse and mysterious, too high to be an object of sense.-John Stuart MillWhat follows here has been said before, many times by many people. We say it again because the discipline of our first allegiance, sociology, is particularly guilty of the errors to which we will point, and the effectiveness of its arguments and the power of its analysis are being seriously eroded by the cavalier disregard of the issues which we raise. The basic issue is how we classify. Classification, a fundamental human act, is the foundation of science, as well as the basis of everyday life. Having progressed beyond the mythology of Adam and Eve arbitrarily naming the animals in the Garden, human beings have refined their classificatory schemes many times and in many ways, with each new scheme heralding the latest discovery of reality. Classification creates pragmatic degrees of order and regularity as people seek to define the world about them as humanly meaningful and significant. Not only do classifications help mitigate the threat of unexpected events, but also they are tools for mastering that which is named: a type of social control by linguistic fiat. By codifying the objects of existence, mapping "reality," human communities use language to introduce and maintain order in everyday life experience; thus what otherwise would appear tenuous, problematic and transitory, becomes patterned, predictable, and precise.We have had many voices reminding us of this problem. Whatever one thinks Dl980 by The Sociological Quarterly. All rights reserved.

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