OBJECTIVES: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV has witnessed a significant reduction due to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Efavirenz has been introduced as a part of ART since last few years in the national Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission (PPTCT) program for pregnant women living with HIV. However, data related to adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with efavirenz-based ART are limited in the Indian scenario. The present study evaluated pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected pregnant women who were given efavirenz-based ART during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a retrospective, observational, analytic study carried out at a referral hospital in Western India. Collection of data was done for a period of 5 years, and various adverse outcomes were studied which included preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW), stillbirths, congenital anomaly, and neonatal death. RESULTS: This study showed a preterm birth rate of 19% and LBW in 36% of cases. There was no significant association with congenital anomaly, stillbirth, or neonatal death. CONCLUSION: There was an association of exposure to efavirenz with an increased incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially LBW infants. This study emphasizes the requirement of large prospective studies to investigate fetomaternal outcomes in pregnant women exposed to efavirenz.

Background: Hypothyroidism is a causal agent sub serving a multitude of complications in pregnancy. There is a lot of controversy regarding universal screening for thyroid abnormalities during pregnancy. An attempt was made to ascertain the incidence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy in a peripheral hospital.Methods: All patients reporting to ANC OPD were subjected to thyroid profile and results tabulated as per ATA guidelines 2017. Patients with clinical hypothyroidism were followed up with treatment to look for condition related complications if any. Complications despite treatment were noted and included only after ruling out masquerading mimickers or co existent conditions.Results: An incidence of 14.46% per two years was detected with hypothyroidism.Conclusions: The need for universal screening for hypothyroidism is inescapable particularly in hilly terrain.

Introduction:There is a lot of debate over what type of screening is needed to be done for GDM, especially with India being touted as the diabetes capital of the world. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 consecutive patients were screened using the two methods in accordance with the laid down procedures and guidelines for the tests with 120 patients in each arm of the study. The positive cases were then followed up till delivery to describe risk of Caesarean section and perinatal morbidities if any were encountered. Results: In the primary outcome it was found that though more cases of GDM were detected with Single Step, maternal and neonatal morbidities were the same and no significant statistical difference was found in either of them. Conclusions: This study shows that both Single step and double step are efficacious though double step seems to be more convenient for maximum number of patients.

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