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Purpose: This paper aims to explain the organizational structure of Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) Banking. Rastin Banking is a full Islamic Banking System with all necessary parts for banking operations that can be installed in conventional and Islamic banks both. Design: Rastin Banking complies with the nature of the financial intermediary activity (the partnership of depositor in the yields of the fund receiver via the bank). To fulfill this goal, particular organizational structure, accompanying with instruments and workflow are defined. Findings: To handle Rastin Banking, particular theoretical and operational regulatory frameworks should be defined to fulfill the participation operations. In this paper, we will have a look at the necessary organizational structure to setup Rastin Banking. Research limitations: This plan was formed and tested in Bank Melli Iran in order to propose a model for other banks as well. Practical implications: In this system, the investment return of the participation is distributed to the parties of the financial partnership (depositor, entrepreneur, and bank), and it is done by eliminating fixed interest rate, and it is based on the real economy profit (return) of the activity. Social implications: Rastin Banking can lead to important positive effects on growth and economic welfare through money and capital markets. Interest rate as an essential factor in conventional banking is not usable in Islamic banking and other similar institutions that work based on partnership, such as mutual funds and saving and loan associations. Originality/value: Approach of this system is entirely different from conventional banking. In addition to removing usury in banking activities, Rastin Banking uses the best practical ethic finance to creating safe and public confidence environment for banking operations. Article Type: Technical paper

To facilitate and accelerate the enforcement of binding banking documents and distribute the enforcement burden of the registration offices of the State Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties, courts, and judicial authorities, a new mechanism for “enforcement of the purports of binding banking documents in Rastin Banking” was designed. This mechanism can lead to positive and essential effects toward creating public trust in financial obligations and increasing the speed of collecting demands, in order to remove the problems resulting from enforcement of the purports of binding documents. In this paper, the proposed regulations are presented in two drafts of “The Bill for Enforcement of the Purports of Binding Banking documents in Rastin Banking” and “The Bylaw for Enforcement of the Purports of Binding Banking Documents and Handling Complaints against Executive Operations in Rastin Banking”.The newly designed method has been compiled considering all financial, legal, and executive issues. In the proposed regulations, a part of the executive path for enforcement of the purports of binding banking documents is transferred from the “Document Registration Unit” into a newly established unit called the “Bank Documents Execution Unit” (BDEU), located in every bank, and this new unit will follow the enforcement of the purports of binding banking documents, instead of the “Document Registration Unit”. All the legal necessities, the necessary cooperation with the judicial authorities, and the necessary procedures for hearing and settlement have all been designed to not let any spoiling of the rights of the parties, while also working efficiently.This procedure is a model that can be adapted for other countries, especially those countries that have a large number of legal disputes and the process of dispute settlement is very lengthy and cumbersome. Since the Administration of Justice is the main factor to promote all the other social and economic circumstances, the proposed model can prepare a way to improve the social and economic well-being.

In this paper, Leontief linear production functions with one product, and one activity are used to derive the production function of Abyek Cement Factory. The mathematical closed form of production function and also, profit, cost, and demand functions for production factors are obtained for the cited factory. We tried to calculate Operational Production Function of Abyek Cement Factory. It was realized that Leontief linear production function is applicable, and its mathematical form can properly express the economic structure of production in a cement factory. The efficient production function for this factory is also derived in this research. This function exhibits the costs incurred due to the inefficient production of the factory during different years. According to the findings, it was concluded that if the Abyek Cement Factory produces efficiently through employing optimal amounts of factors of production, it can reduce costs by 21 to 52 percent without any change in production level. Calculations were done for both short-term and long-term periods. JEL: D22, L11, L61