The convergence of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Internet of Vehicular (IoV) integrated with Fog Computing (FC), known as Software Defined Vehicular based FC (SDV-F), has recently been established to take advantage of both paradigms and efficiently control the wireless networks. SDV-F tackles numerous problems, such as scalability, load-balancing, energy consumption, and security. It lags, however, in providing a promising approach to enable ultra-reliable and delay-sensitive applications with high vehicle mobility over SDV-F. We propose ARTNet, an AI-based Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) framework for resource distribution and optimized communication using the SDV-F architecture. ARTNet offers ultra-reliable and low-latency communications, particularly in highly dynamic environments, which is still a challenge in IoV. ARTNet is composed of intelligent agents/controllers, to make decisions intelligently about (i) maximizing resource utilization at the fog layer, and (ii) minimizing the average end-to-end delay of time-critical IoV applications. Moreover, ARTNet is designed to assign a task to fog nodes based on their states. Our experimental results show that considering a dynamic IoV environment, ARTNet can efficiently distribute the fog layer tasks while minimizing the delay.

Introduction: Open Tibial shaft fractures are one of the most common fractures of long bones. External fixation is methodof choice for the treatment of open tibial shaft fractures. The subcutaneous location of tibia makes it suitable for the application of externalfixator. Patients and Methods: This study was done on 50 patients at Orthopaedics and Trauma unit “B” at Khyber Teaching Hospital,Peshawar, from Jan 2008 to Feb. 2009 to determine functional outcome of A.O. external fixator in open tibial fractures in terms of knee andankle mobility, pain and gait on full body weight bearing. The data of all patients was entered in standardized proforma and analyzed onSPSS 10. Results: There were 43 (86%) males and 7 (14%) females. There were 17 (34%) type-II and 20 (40%) type IIIA and 13 (26%)type III B fractures. Knee mobility was full (100%) in 49 (98%) cases, 75% in 1(2%). 43 (86%) cases retained 100% ankle joint mobilitywhile it was 75% in 4 (8%), 50 % in 2 (4%) cases and 25 % in 1(2%) cases. On full body weight bearing, 42(84%) patients were pain free,and moderate pain was in 4(8%) cases. In 42(84%) cases the gait was completely normal on full body weight bearing while 3(6%) casesshowed significant limping. Conclusion: The excellent functional results in our series show that external fixation of tibia is safe andeffective in terms of restoring functions of tibia.

Background: Pediatric forearm fractures result in substantial morbidity andcosts. Despite the success of public health efforts in the prevention of other injuries, the incidenceof pediatric forearm fractures is increasing. Most forearm fractures occurred during the springseason. Objective of the study is to determine the functional outcome of conservatively treatedradius ulna fractures in Children. Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Orthopedicsand Traumatology, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. Period: March 2009 to April 2010.Methodology: Total 236 children with radius ulna fractures were manipulated and above elbowplaster Cast applied for 6-8 weeks and reviewed every second week. After plaster cast removalPronation and supination measured with goniometer and fortnightly thereafter for 6 weeks.Results: All the fractures united. Normal range of pronation and supination at the end of followsup period was in 182(80.53%) children. Loss of pronation and supination of average 10 degreeswere in 9(3.98%) patients. Patients having displacement of the fracture and opted for surgerywere 35(15.46%). Conclusions: Closed reduction of diaphyseal fractures in children results innormal pronation and Supination in majority of the patients.