A Ciência de Animais de Laboratório envolve uma abordagem multidisciplinar com conhecimento do modelo animal e suas necessidades etológicas espécie-específicas, refinamento de experimentos que melhoram o bem-estar animal com reconhecimento e tratamento da dor, anestesia e eutanásia, bem como delineamento experimental e análise estatística dos resultados experimentais. Para atender à essas necessidades, pessoas que realizam, participam, supervisionam procedimentos experimentais em animais, ou cuidam de animais de laboratório, devem receber treinamento, com programas voltados à implementação dos 3Rs e promoção do bem-estar dos animais de laboratório, garantindo assim a qualidade e reprodutibilidade de experimentos com benefícios éticos, científicos e econômicos. Nos países da Europa e nos Estados Unidos, e requerido mais recentemente pelo Conselho Nacional de Controle de Experimentação Animal (CONCEA) no Brasil, um veterinário com experiência em medicina de animais de laboratório precisa fazer parte da equipe do Biotério. Este veterinário tem um papel fundamental na orientação de profissionais e pesquisadores em questões relacionadas ao bem- -estar e cuidado com animais. Diante desta recomendação, fica clara a importância da formação de graduação e de médicos-veterinários para atuar na área de Animais de Laboratório, e poder desempenhar seu papel nos biotérios visando melhorar o cuidado e apoiar estudos experimentais que envolvem esses animais.
The introduction of new strains of mice in specific pathogen-free (SPF) animal facilities should be performed carefully to avoid breaking sanitary barriers. To meet this need, animals should be rederived to reduce infection risk and thus avoid research interference caused by loss of animal health status and welfare. The objective of this study was to implement mice embryo transfer in the laboratory mouse facility of the Department of Immunology at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences/University of São Paulo, Brazil. Embryo transfers were performed to rederive genetically modified mouse strains with undefined sanitary status, received from different research and educational institutions. Fertilized eggs at two-cell stage were obtained by natural means and transferred into the oviducts of SPF pseudo-pregnant female mice. All surgical procedures were performed under aseptic conditions. A total of 625 embryos were transferred into therecipients. 148 pups were born, of which 140 were reared. Viruses, bacteria and intestinal protozoa were eliminated using this technique. The improvement in the microbiological status of mice allowed their expansion in our SPF facility. With these results, we can stimulate the use of embryo transfer technique between rodent facilities in Brazil and thus encourage the distribution of better models to our scientific community.
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