Social media is becoming an essential tool for professional growth, curriculum planning, and student engagement. This study investigated on the influence of students' socio-economic background on social media use in Turkana Central Sub County. The study was guided by the following research questions; what is the socio-economic background of secondary school students in Turkana Central Sub county Kenya. The study was guided by Media Dependency theory and employed causal comparative design. Stratified simple random sampling was used to get the sample size. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Validity was determined by consulting experts. Test and retest method was used to determine reliability. Data analysis was through the use of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation. The hypothesis was tested using ANOVA. The finding was that there is a significant relationship between students' socioeconomic background and use of social media. The study recommends that parents should share with children on negative effect of social media, how it affects behaviour and academic achievements.

School Physical facilities is a key base for learning in all institutions. They include classrooms, science laboratories, libraries, dormitories and recreational facilities. Classrooms play a key role in day to day formal teaching and learning. The libraries enable learners to get an opportunity to conduct their personal studies or carry out research as the research materials are found there. Recreational facilities are important for co-curricular activities that enable learners to be psychologically and physically fit. Dormitories on the other hand enable students to be housed in schools to hence finding enough time to carry out their studies. Physical facilities that have been put up in schools vary to enable teaching and learning for quality education. The purpose of this study therefore was to establish the relationship between physical facilities and students' performance in biology in secondary schools in Nandi County, Kenya. The study was guided by systems theory whose proponent is Bertalanffy and adopted ex post facto research design namely the causal comparative. The study population comprised of 125 secondary schools in Nandi County, Kenya. Stratified sampling was used to select 25 schools. A total 25 principals and 25 directors of studies were included in the sample. Data was collected using questionnaires, document analysis schedule and observation schedule. Descriptive statistics used in analysis included frequencies, means and percentages. Hypothesis was tested using, Anova at alpha =0.05.The study established that there was no statistical significance relationship between the level of availability of physical facilities and students' performance in biology. The study concluded that there is a relationship between the level of availability of physical facilities and students' performance in biology in secondary schools. The study recommended that the government should allocate all schools equal resources yearly to enable the establishment of physical resources.

Attitude has been considered to play a major role in second language learning. Learners’ tendencies to like or dislike a subject affected their overall performance. The study examined the relationship that existed between students’ attitudes and Kiswahili language performance as well as the relationship between gender and attitude towards Kiswahili. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. A simple random sampling procedure was used to select 45 schools, 343 students and 121 teachers of Kiswahili. The research instruments included questionnaires for teachers, an attitude scale for students, and document analysis guide and the Kiswahili achievement test. The test re-test method was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument’s results. Descriptive data were analysed by use of means, standard deviations, and percentages, while inferential data were analysed by use of t-test for significance of r and Independent Sample T-tests. The study findings established that there was a significant relationship between student attitude and Kiswahili subject performance. Students with positive attitudes performed better than those who held negative attitudes towards the subject. Regarding gender and attitude, it was evident that the Female students exhibited a positive attitude towards Kiswahili as compared to their male counterparts. Additionally, female students performed better in the Kiswahili subject, but the difference was non-significant. The study recommended that teachers needed to come up with teaching methods that would foster positive attitudes among students, like engaging students in co-curricular activities, symposiums, debates, and dramatising set-books, among others.

Introduction World over, in-service training has been embraced as a concrete strategy for capacity building in education to enhance work output. Various studies have been conducted with aim of improving teacher professionalism in teaching and learning, and they yielded various findings on teacher collaboration, training and teaching experience (Liu & Tsai, 2017). Continuous employee training equips them with latest knowledge on subject content, scope and increases level of networking in an organization (Ezeani & Oladele, 2013). Eze (2016) pointed out that continuous training has direct effect on teacher productivity. Rahmadhani (2014) explained that the training process influenced teachers and improved goal achievement. He added that trainings provided teachers with knowledge and skills to be applied in their field. Jimmi, Hutkemri, Masnaini, and Rustaman (2018) explained that although teachers are professionals, they are limited and need uplifting activities to enhance the mastering of general subject knowledge. Many studies have revealed that teacher's level of experience has a direct effect on student achievement (Chu et al, 2015). Mueni, 2014 established that students' background, attitude of teachers towards learners' ability, in adequate use of teaching and learning resource and negative socio-cultural factors as well asinappropriatelearningenvironmentwerethemajorcausesofstudents'persistent poor performance in Chemistry It is believed that when teachers attend teachers' in-service training; they gain knowledge and skills that enhances teaching and hence high level of students' achievement. A number of studies that have been done in the past have revealed that teachers' level of experience has an effect on students' academic achievement (Chu et al., 2015). When teachers are

Low transition rate of seminarians from Minor Seminary schools to Major Seminary schools for priestly formation has translated to an inadequacy of priests for serving the church and the society. This poses a challenge to the Catholic Church that depends entirely on ordained priests from the Major Seminaries to carry out its evangelical functions. Studies in secular institutions have shown that family-related factors had major influence on learners' transition rates. However, little research has been done to examine the influence of such family-related factors on transition of seminarians in seminary schools. This study thus sought to investigate the influence of family factors on transition rates of seminarians from Minor to Major Seminaries in Kisumu Ecclesiastical Province, Kenya. It targeted all the five rectors and 1075 former seminarians of the period 2014-2018 in all the five Minor Seminaries in the Ecclesiastical Province of Kisumu. The study was guided by Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory of development. The study employed aexplaratory mixed methods design. stratified simple random sampling were used to sample rectors and former seminarians respectively. Questionnaires,document analysis guide and observation schedule were used to collect data, which was then analyzed by frequencies, means and percentages. The finding were that; Transition rate of seminarians was significantly affected by family culture and traditions, and family decisions and preferences. The study recommended that the government should financially support genuine seminarians who may not afford the fees; the Catholic Church should have clear formation programmes and goals in the Minor Seminaries, and provide priests to teach, form and accompany the students in and out of the seminary; the rectors should perform thorough orientation interviews during selection of seminary entrants, and work towards having good role models in the seminary. Families should be encouraged to have good family (sacramental) catechesis. This would help meet the need for enough well-trained and dedicated priests in the Catholic Church, that may translate to the betterment of entire society.