Young people continue to endure school-yard bullying and harassment. In our era of advanced information and communication technologies, however, a new variation has emerged: we now live in the age of cyberbullying. The current study explores the frequency of cyberbullying and its impact on the lives of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered (LGBT), and allied youth. Participants in this national study comprised middle school and high school students between the ages of 11 and 18 years old who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or with a same-sex attraction, or as a LGBT-allied youth. Participants represented 40 of the 50 United States.Young people continue to endure school-yard bullying and harassment. Bullying-also termed face-to-face (f2f), real-life (RL), traditional, in-person, or offline bullying-involves deliberate and repeated aggressive and hostile behaviors by an individual or group of individuals intended to humiliate, harm, and/or control another individual or group of individuals of lesser power or social status (Nansel et al., 2001). Bullying is a specific type of aggression in which (1) the behavior is intended to harm or disturb, (2) the behavior occurs repeatedly over time, and (3) there is an imbalance of power, with a more powerful person or group attacking a less powerful one (Garrett

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The most beautiful object in the world, it will be allowed, is a beautiful woman.' (Macaulay)' Beauty in nature and art is universally held to be a good thing. Definitions of beauty may differ but not the estimation of its value. The contemplation of beauty gives pleasure to the senses, calms and elevates the soul. In relation to the human body and its visual and verbal representation, however, beauty becomes more complicated. This is because of the alignment of the pleasure aroused by human beauty with love and sexual desire. Love, desire, pleasure and beauty are inextricably entwined. This means that at those moments in history when sexuality is an issue of particular public concern and private anxiety, discussions about the nature, meaning, function and effects of human beauty become matters of argument and debate. The nineteenth century in Britain constituted one such moment.Beauty may be ascribed to both men and women but in Victorian England there was a very clear differentiation between male and female beauty, corresponding to the gender polarization of the period. Indeed the very use of the term 'beauty' in relation to a man could be a problem. Men were often described as 'handsome' rather than 'beautiful', and if the term 'beauty' was used it usually carried the epithet 'manly'. Moreover, the importance of beauty in relation to gender differed-indeed it still does. For men beauty was a desirable attribute; for women it was bound up with their identity and purpose. Finally, far more was published on and far greater attention was given to the subject of women and beauty than to men and beauty, not surprising in view of the general preoccupation of many Victorian men and a number of Victorian women with the subject of woman.2 This preoccupation has been connected with the dramatic and dislocating social, economic and political transformations arising out of the development of industrial capitalism, the formation of an urban bourgeoisie intent on establishing its identity and power, the spread from the Enlightenment and the French Revolution of ideas of freedom and equality, and the emergence of the women's movement.

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