Aim: To determine the prevalence of mouth breathing children at the santo amaro project/ esef/ upe, and study their main facial and behavior alterations. Study design: transversal study. Materials and methods: there were 150 children in the sample, with ages ranging from 8 to 10 years. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and clinical examinations. As for their breathing assessment, two tests were carried out: test 1-breath steam against a mirror; and test 2 -water remains in the mouth with lips closed for 3 minutes. Results: mouth breathing prevalence was of 53.3%. There was no significant difference between gender, age and type of breathing. Facial alterations were:incomplete lip closure ( 58.8% X 5,7%), fallen eyes ( 40.0% X 1.4%), High palate ( 38.8% X 2.9%), Anterior open bite ( 60.0% Versus 30.0%), Hypotonic lips ( 3.8% X 0.0%), Circles under the eyes (97.5% Versus 77.1%). Conclusion: high mouth breathing prevalence without significant statistical difference between genders,age and type of mouth breathing. There was no association between behavior characteristics and type of breathing. There were significant differences between physical traits and breathing pattern.

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The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the therapeutic effect of three fluoride varnishes available in the Brazilian market on the performance of white spot lesions (WSL). The sample included 36 children aged 7 to 13 years old, with a total of 67 active WSL in permanent anterior teeth. The children were randomly divided into 3 groups, according to fluoride varnish used: FL-Fluorniz (n=24), DUO -Duofluorid XII (n=22) and DF -Durafluor (n=21). Maximum WSL dimensions (mesiodistal and incisogingival) were measured in millimeters by a previously calibrated single examiner using a periodontal probe. WSL were also assessed regarding lesion activity. Initial and final S-OHI (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index) scores were recorded. Pearson's chi-square test revealed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the performance of the varnishes. At the end of the 5th week, FL had 6 active and 18 inactive WSL; DUO had 7 active and 15 inactive WSL; and DL had 6 active and 15 inactive WSL. Taking into account all lesions, there was a 45.7% reduction in WSL dimensions. Paired Student's t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the initial size (1.88) and final size (1.02). After four applications, all varnishes obtained similar clinical results.

Breat hing represents one of the vital functions of the organism, and its unbalance causes some series of alterations in several organs and systems. Aim: Verify the influence of socio-economic and demographic factors in determining breathing patterns. Study design: cross-sectional. Materials and Methods: there were 143 students in the sample, with ages ranging from 9 and 10 years, from two schools, public and private, in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Breathing patterns were established through two tests: Glatzel Plate (Steam) and water time in the mouth. Socio-economic factors were evaluated through questionnaires with nine questions each. Statistics were carried out by means of the ChiSquared test or Fisher's Exact test and the significance level used was of 5%. Results: Oral breathing prevalence was of 55.2%, higher among females (57.7%) and in public schools (67.2%).Lack of medical care (62%), less use of medications (56.6%), parents with educational levels lower than high school, divorced parents (66%), students that do not live with their parents (68.7%) and homes with only one room (72%), in all of those situations, oral breathing signs were more prevalent. Only school type had significant association with the breathing pattern. Conclusion: High levels of oral breathing without differences concerning gender and age. With the exception of school type, there was no association between breathing pattern and socio-economic factors.

OBJETIVO: avaliar o conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas especialistas em Ortodontia da cidade de Recife/PE, Brasil, sobre respiração bucal, bem como verificar os seus protocolos de atendimento. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal mediante entrevista individual e estruturada com 90 profissionais inscritos na Sociedade Pernambucana de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial. O formulário contendo 14 perguntas foi testado pelo método de validação de "face". RESULTADOS: o sexo feminino foi prevalente (55,6%); para 78,9% dos pesquisados, a maior titulação foi a especialização; a maioria trabalhava apenas em clínica particular (67,8%) e 38,9% dos entrevistados eram docentes. Os critérios de diagnóstico mais utilizados foram: postura corporal (97,8), vedamento labial (96,7) e olheiras (86,7%), com percentuais semelhantes entre os grupos quanto ao tempo de graduado; o uso da placa metálica de Glatzel foi baixo (3,3%). Com relação às sequelas da respiração bucal, os maiores percentuais foram para as alterações craniofaciais 94,4% (más oclusões) e as corporais 37,8% (postura). O tempo de duração da respiração bucal (84,4%) foi o item mais citado pelos pesquisados como associado a sequelas. Para nenhum dos itens avaliados verificou-se associação significativa com o tempo de graduado, ao nível de significância de 5%. Para a maioria dos entrevistados, tanto do serviço público como privado, o protocolo de atendimento do respirador bucal deve ser realizado por uma equipe multidisciplinar. CONCLUSÕES: a maioria dos entrevistados, independentemente da experiência profissional, tem conhecimento da síndrome do respirador bucal e da necessidade de um tratamento diferenciado dentro de uma visão abrangente de multidisciplinaridade.