A catalytic carbonylative double
cyclization method for the synthesis
of furo[3,4-b]benzofuran-1(3H)-ones
is reported. It is based on the reaction between readily available
2-(3-hydroxy-1-yn-1-yl)phenols, CO, and oxygen carried out in the
presence of catalytic amounts of PdI2 (1 mol %) in conjunction
with KI (20 mol %) and 2 equiv of diisopropylethylamine at 80 °C
for 24 h under 30 atm of a 1:4 mixture of CO–air. Interestingly,
the process was not selective when carried out in classical organic
non-nucleophilic solvents (such as MeCN or DME), leading to a mixture
of the benzofurofuranone derivative and the benzofuran ensuing from
simple cycloisomerization, whereas it turned out chemoselective toward
the formation of the double cyclization compound in BmimBF4 as the reaction medium. Moreover, the ionic liquid solvent containing
the catalyst could be easily recycled several times without appreciable
loss of activity.
(S)-4-Isopropyl-5,5-diphenyloxazolidin-2-one has been synthesized for the first time by the enantiospecific oxidative carbonylation of commercially available (S)-2-amino-3-methyl-1,1-diphenylbutan-1-ol. The cyclocarbonylation reaction was carried out at 100 °C in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) as the solvent for 15 h, under 20 atm of a 4:1 mixture of CO–air and in the presence of the catalytic system PdI2/KI (substrate:KI:PdI2 molar ratio = 100:10:1), to give the oxazolidinone derivative in 81% isolated yield.
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