In this study, noncommercial biodegradable and compostable nonperforated films (F2, F3, F4) were evaluated for modified atmosphere packaging storage for 5 days at 1 ± 1C and 7 days at 20 ± 1C of raspberries cv. Grandeur. After measuring the CO2 (PeCO2) and the O2 (PeO2) permeability of new films at different temperatures, the most important qualitative traits and nutraceutical components of fruits were analyzed and compared with those of unwrapped raspberries and macroperforated film (F1). As the temperature increased, the F2 and F3 were the only films to allow storage of the fruits up to 12 days, but the F3 film (5.7 kPa O2 and values of 31.6 kPa CO2) was the best for maintaining the color parameter (L 29.0, chroma 36.4) close to the value observed at harvest because of a similar ratio between the PeCO2 and the PeO2 (4.2 and 4.1, respectively) at both low and high temperatures. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study of the permeability of new films from renewable sources for packaging raspberries in a temperature range that can simulate the postharvest supply chain could indicate that storing these perishable fruits under modified atmospheric packaging could increase environmental sustainability.

Abstract:Italy's kiwifruit growers are considered to be world-leading players of the past 20 years. However, with this success come its challenges. In the last five years, a bacterial canker of kiwifruit known as Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) has caused a dramatic reduction in the size of the areas cultivated, leading to several experienced Piedmontese Actinidia deliciosa growers beginning to cultivate the A. arguta. To better understand the potential for replacing the common kiwifruit in Italy's Piedmont region with plantations of A. arguta and to attain a systematic approach and support for decision situations; we assessed the environmental impact of the two production chains (field and storage) from a technical-operational perspective. The assessment was conducted through interviews with producers, field and warehouse technicians and sales managers in order to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the two systems. The work presented below considers the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method for the field system (two different phases of the plantation) and the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis for the entire supply chain (field and warehouse management). Finally, a TOWS analysis (Threats, Opportunities, Weakness, Strengths) integrated the results of both LCA and SWOT analyses and permitted to highlight the development strategies for A. arguta in Piedmont. The total orchard cycle for A. arguta presents an impact of 0.14 kg CO 2 eq (GWP) and for A. deliciosa an impact of 0.11 kg CO 2 eq (GWP). Based on the synthesis of results from our TOWS analysis, we identified the following development strategies to help to shape the future A. arguta supply chain in Piedmont: Large-scale oriented; Berry fruits oriented; Export and organic oriented and Niche oriented.

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Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in the development of alternative pest control strategies to reduce environmental impact. In this contest, exclusion nets have been evaluated as a sustainable alternative to pesticides. In this study, the use of a photoselective exclusion net was investigated in semi-field conditions as a potential strategy to protect nectarine orchards from different pests (i.e., fruit moths, Halyomorpha halys and Drosophila suzukii) in NW Italy. The presence and abundance of pest populations inside and outside the net, as well as the damage they caused on fruits, were evaluated. Moreover, any possible effects of the net on beneficial arthropods, postharvest rots and fruit quality and nutraceutical parameters were considered. The exclusion net significantly reduced pest populations. At harvest, fruit damage caused by Grapholita molesta and H. halys in netted plots was reduced up to 90% and to 78%, respectively, compared with insecticide-treated plots. The exclusion net allowed the production of healthier fruits with a strong reduction of insecticide treatments (up to seven less) and of their related costs without any negative impact on postharvest rots, neither fruit quality nor nutraceutical properties.

The use of green materials in the packaging can drive the choice of fresh fruits by the consumers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of green wrapping films for use in passive modified atmosphere packaging for the storage of strawberries (cv. Portola) for 7 days at 1 ± 1°C followed by an additional 2 days at 20 ± 1°C. One commercial polypropylene macro-perforated film (control) and three non-commercial biodegradable and compostable films (prototypes, Novamont, Novara, Italy) (films 1, 2 and 3) were used. The best headspace gas composition was obtained with film 1; a steady state was rapidly reached and this equilibrium was maintained for up to 5 days, with a composition of 17.60-18.50% O 2 and 5.30-5.60% CO 2 . The sensorial evaluation of film 1 also yielded the best scores in terms of condensation, taste, marketability and redness of the fruits during shelf storage (at 20 ± 1°C).Cadena de producción sostenible: evolución de las características cualitativas de las fresas almacenadas mediante envasado con plástico film ecológico RESUMEN La utilización de materiales ecológicos en el envasado puede ofrecer la elección de frutas frescas a los consumidores. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el grado de sostenibilidad de los plásticos film para envasar en su utilización en el envasado con atmosfera modificada en el proceso de almacenamiento de las fresas (cv. Portola) durante 7 días a 1±1°C, seguido de 2 días adicionales a 20 ±1°C. Se utilizaron un plástico film comercial macroperforado de polipropileno (control) y tres plásticos film no comerciales biodegradables y aptos para abono (prototipos, Novamont, Novara, Italia) (film 1, film 2 y film 3). La mejor composición de gases se obtuvo con el film 1, con el cual se consiguió rápidamente un estado estable y ese equilibrio se mantuvo hasta 5 días, con una composición de 17,60-18,50% de O 2 y 5,30-5,60% de CO 2 . La evaluación sensorial del film 1 también obtuvo el mejor rendimiento con las mejores puntuaciones en términos de condensación, sabor, comerciabilidad y rojez de los frutos durante el almacenamiento en estanterías (a 20±1°C).