Dentro del marco del Programa de forestación e investigación forestal de Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde se realizó el presente estudio, con la finalidad de establecer un protocolo de propagación vegetativa mediante la técnica de propagación in vitro de yemas de queñoa (Polylepis rugulosa Bitter) para su conservación, por ser una especie forestal en peligro, para lo cual se realizó el cultivo con diferentes concentraciones de auxina y citoquinina en la fase de multiplicación in vitro, pasando por la fase de establecimiento la cual fue superada con un alto porcentaje de sobrevivencia siguiendo el protocolo de esterilización con etanol al 96% e hipoclorito de sodio al 2,5% las cuales fueron cultivadas en medio Murashige & Skoog. En la fase de multiplicación se usaron 3 concentraciones de ANA y 5 concentraciones de BAP, siendo el de mejor respuesta la combinación de 0,25 µM ANA + 2 µM BAP con 15.8 brotes, los mismos que alcanzaron 9 mm de tamaño, 2,7 hojas en promedio por explante y no presentaron formación de callo, posteriormente se realizó dos subcultivos de este tratamiento cuya tasa de multiplicación resultó 1:17 brotes en 30 días.
The “Majes Valley” in the province of Castilla – Arequipa Region, with a tradition in the production of wine and pisco, from grapevines introduced in the mid-sixteenth century, which are still preserved by some producers, with little knowledge of the varietal richness they possess, generating confusion in the identification of varieties and devaluing their winegrower potential. In this work, a varietal survey was carried out by wine-growing areas, characterizing the local varieties of old vineyards, with 14 primary descriptors recommended by the OIV-2009 and genetically identifying a sample of 11 phenotypes with the use of 9-SSR molecular markers when compared in the VIVC international database record. Seven wine-growing areas of the valley and 39 varieties with local names were identified, initially forming 13 groups of different names, which when analyzed by means of the canonical discriminant analysis and of main components, high inter- and intra-group phenotypic variability is evidenced due to the influence of some characters. In the analysis of the berry color the blue-black coloration predominates. Four varieties registered in the VIVC were genetically identified, corresponding to ´Listan Prieto` (syn. Negra Criolla and Moscatel), ´Quebranta` (syn.Vinera), ´Muscat Hamburg` (syn.Italia Negra) and ´Jacquez` (syn. Borgoña Majeña) and 2 unregistered varieties “Cantarita” and “Aceituna de Cotahuasi”. A varietal diversity with characteristics of interest in viticulture and plant breeding is observed, with contribution to the varietal identity of known and new creole varieties, contributing to the heritage value of the vine.
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