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The design of the manganese mineral powder experiment on carbon steel began with the desire to see the phenomenon of Ferro (Fe) and manganese (Mn) metal atoms with the help of high-temperature heat. This phenomenon is tried by using a pack carburizing using manganese mineral powder and using an air conditioner for the extraction process. This research also deals with the pyrometallurgical process. The research method used is a true experimental design and factorial experimental methods. After calculating the ANOVA in a factorial experiment, the hardness of the steel can be known because it is influenced by the holding time factor and its interactions, namely the temperature and composition of the coal. The purpose of this study is to produce a hardness value in accordance with the formation of manganese content on the surface of carbon steel. After the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test, it appears that the surface morphological changes in the steel are rougher than the original object and the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) test forms the composition of the steel alloy on the surface.

The purpose of this study was to determine how the chemical composition and microstructure formed in medium carbon steel hardened with banana tree sap fluid compared to oil and water. The process of carbon steel hardening is being heated to the austenite area (850 o C) then held for 10 minutes after which it is cooled quickly (quenching). During the cooling process, it is also measured the cooling rate of the three cooling media. Hardening process material is carried out by microstructure observation using an optical microscope with 400x magnification and also chemical composition testing with SEM-EDX. The results for measuring the cooling rate of banana fluid have a fast cooling rate of 36.9 o C/s while water is 16.6 o C/s and oil is 7.0 o C/s. In observing the microstructure of water it has an unstable micro structure that is still the structure of pearlite, this is because the temperature of the cooling media is too high during quenching. And for oil microstructure and banana fluid get a homogeneous structure, namely martensite and bainite. From the results of testing the chemical composition it was seen that there was an increase in carbon content in steel after hardening and quenching with the three cooling media. Conclusion The hardening process by quenching oil and banana fluids has a homogeneous micro structure compared to water. Water cooling process has the highest carbon content increase of 1.53 %C from before 0.52 %C.