Background: Diabetes is recognized as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and representing as an emerging global epidemic worldwide. Diabetes and stroke both are the conditions which share various common threats. A patient with Diabetes has higher risk of stroke as compared to non Diabetics. Diabetes and stroke both affects the blood vessels. There are several biochemical pathways which are responsible for the developments of vascular complications due to hyperglycemia. Thus prevention and treatment of diabetes and stroke can reduce the risk of various vascular diseases. Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been used for the treatment of diabetes since long time. Cinnamomum zeylanicum rich in phenolic contents (antioxidants) have been identified as a major active component exhibiting antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The present study evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum in streptozotocin induced diabetes in mice and experimentally induced global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Materials and methods: Swiss albino mice (male) weighing 20-30 g were randomized into eight groups. Diabetes was induced by administering streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p).Starting from seven days after streptozotocin injection, insulin and Cinnamomum zeylanicum were administered for 3 weeks. Serum glucose level and body weight were measured weekly. Neuroprotective activity was carried out by global cerebral ischemia on swiss albino mice by carotid artery occlusion for 10 min followed by 24 hr. reperfusion. Measurement of Triglycerides, Malondialdehyde , cerebral infarct size and glutathione level was carried out at the end of the study. Results: After 21 days of treatment with Cinnamomum zeylanicum (75 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, p.o) significant increase in body weight and glutathione level and a significant reduction in serum glucose level, triglycerides, MDA levels and cerebral infarct size was observed as compared to diabetic control and diabetic+ stroke group. Conclusion: The present study concludes that Polyphenolic fraction of Cinnamomum zeylanicum not only attenuates the diabetes but also reverse the cerebral infarction in mice through its neuroprotective actions and thus Cinnamomum zeylanicum may serves as a new therapeutic alternative for management of brain damage associated with type-1 diabetes.

Objective: This study evaluated the analgesic, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of Streblus asper roots. Methods: Analgesic activities were carried out using paw licking and writhing tests. The extract was used at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg per orally in Swiss albino mice of body weight 25–30 g. Antioxidant properties were investigated using 1, 1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay, total phenol content, total flavonoid content as well as reducing power capacity. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay. Results: The ethanolic extract of S. asper roots showed a significant effect in the formalin test (p<0.01). They also exhibit the highest analgesia (p<0.01) in the acetic acid-induced writhing model as well. The extract possessed antioxidant effects in all the models. It possessed a good cytotoxic activity. Conclusion: The results suggested that S. asper root extract has a suitable analgesic, antioxidant effect as well as significant cytotoxic potential.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant and anti inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Glochidion acuminatum leaves. Ethanolic extract of the leaves of the plant was subjected to various in-vitro assays. Antioxidant potential was tested through total phenol content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and total anti-oxidant capacity assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested against the denaturation of protein. Glochidion acuminatum exhibited good antioxidant potential on total phenol content assay, TPC as GAE was 507.24±19.48mg/gm. It showed remarkable antioxidant potential on total flavonoid content assay, TFC as QE was 486.28±16.44mg/gm. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay IC50 value was 14.97μg/ml while for standard ascorbic acid it was found to be 8.87μg/ml which express potent antioxidant activity. It also showed excellent antioxidant potential on total antioxidant capacity assay, TAC as AAE was 712.5±5.89μg/ml. Anti-inflamatory assay showed that the plant leaves extract possess very good anti-inflamatory potential. These effects may be due to the presence of different phytoconstituents present in the extract. Further studies are required to evaluate these effects and due to the findings which warrants further more sophisticated research.

This study investigated the antinociceptive and cytotoxic effects of alcoholic extract of Delonix regia Leaves in rodents. Antinociceptive activities were done using paw licking and writhing tests. The extract was used at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg per orally as compared to Standard drug Diclofenac-Na 100 mg/kg bw in Swiss albino mice of body weight 25-30 g. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay. The alcoholic extract showed very highly significant effect in formalin test (p<0.01). Also had the highest analgesia (p<0.001) in the acetic acid-induced writhing model as well. The extract possessed a good in vitro cytotoxic activity (LC 50 =4.06 µg/ml). The results suggested that Delonix regia Leaves extract has a suitable antinociceptive effect as well as cytotoxic potential.

About 20,000 herbal products are currently available on the global market, and medicinal plants’ annual trade turnover is approximately US $ 4 billion in the United States alone. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, (Indian Pennywort) has been widely used from the wild (also cultivated and marketed in Bangladesh, China, Southeast Asia, India, Sri Lanka), the leaves eaten as a component of mixed green vegetable, pot herb and is also an important item in the traditional medicine systems. In Bangladesh it is widely used as a health food and in the folk and traditional system of medicine for improving memory and for the treatment of a variety of ailments. Market surveys have detected two different species, C, erecta and C. verticillata, wrongly identified as the exotic species, Indian Pennywort because of their morphological similarity. Comparison of taxonomic and pharmaceutical characteristics among these species indicated a wide difference and this misidentification might pose a health risk to the consumers, the edibility and safety of the two exotic species being unknown. Public health nutritionists need to work with experts in plant taxonomy to identify and attempt to reduce the risk of invasive species of plants that may be poisonous and are similar in appearance to indigenous plants that are used for food or medicine.