Objective: The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II (EuroSCORE II) is an updated version of the original EuroSCORE. The goal of this analysis was to compare EuroSCORE II and additive and logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) in predicting early mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery in a single center of Bangladesh.Methods: A prospective consecutive series of 400 adults who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery between January 2014 and December 2016 was studied in National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute. The newly developed EuroSCORE II was applied in this sample and compared to the additive and logistic version of the models. Validity was assessed on the basis of its calibration (using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test) and its discrimination using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the association between observed and predicted mortality were performed using the one proportion Z test. Results:The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the model calibration was satisfactory (p = 0.738 in EuroSCORE II, p = 0.114 in additive method and p = 0.645 in logistic method), and area under ROC curve 0.972 in EuroSCORE II, 0.903 in additive model and 0.915 in logistic model. Hospital overall observed early mortality was 1.25%. EuroSCORE II predicted mortality 1.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49-3.10] having p value 0.860, additive EuroSCORE predicted mortality is 4.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.53-6.78], having p value 0.001, and mortality prediction my logistic EuroSCORE 2.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-4.16], having p value 0.112. Conclusion:EuroSCORE II is better calibrated than the previous model. Mortality prediction by the EuroSCORE II is not very different from observed early mortality in CABG patients in National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute.

Utilization of maternal health services and postpartum contraception help to decrease rates of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality by preventing unintended, high risk pregnancies and also by delaying subsequent pregnancies. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the utilization of maternal health services and its association with post-partum contraception among Bangladeshi women in a hospital in Gazipur district. A total of 344 women were randomly selected who had delivered at least one child within last one year and completed 12 months post-partum period. Uni-variate and bi-variate analyses were used as statistical methods. Mean age of the respondent was 21.5 years (Mean ± SD, 21.5 ± 6.634). Nuclear families (61.30%) were predominant in number. Most of them were illiterate (44.8%). Antenatal care was significantly associated with socio-demographic factors like respondents' and their husbands' education, husbands' income and types of family. Only 17% illiterate respondents received antenatal care for four or more times whereas 52.38% who graduated or above received the same. Most of the deliveries occurred at home (54.4%). These deliveries were performed by non-skilled personnel (54.6%) while the rest were performed by skilled personnel. This study also found that postnatal care was significantly associated with respondents' and their husbands' education, and husbands' income. This study is expected to help program planners, policy makers to design interventions for their programs to enhance the use of maternal health services as well as postpartum contraception among Bangladeshi women.

Background: An atrial septal defect (ASD) can be closed via percutaneous approach and with surgical closure using either the standard median sternotomy or a minimally invasive procedure such as minithoracotmy. In this study, we evaluated the outcomes of using the median sternotomy vs. the right minithoracotomy in isolated closures of ASDs. Methods: This prospective observational study included 44 patients who underwent isolated ASD closures in the department of cardiac surgery at the National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute (NHFH and RI) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2014 to June 2016. After fulfilling the enrolment criteria, participants were divided into two equal groups of 22 patients. ASD closure was performed on Group 1 using the minimally invasive right minithoracotomy, while the same procedure was performed on Group 2 using the standard median sternotomy. Results: The mean total operative time (in minutes) required was 179.45 ± 26.79 for Group 1 and 154.72 ± 26.15 for Group 2. The mean aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time (in minutes) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (in minutes) were significantly increased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p=<0.05). Furthermore, the mean ± SD of the length of incision (in centimetres) and duration of endotracheal intubation (in hours) were significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1 (p<0.001). While the duration of postoperative hospital stays (in days) and pain score (visual analogue scale score) was significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1. No residual shunt was found in patients of either group. Conclusion: Our findings shows some advantages in group 1 (right minithoracotomy) population including the reduced length of incision, the shorter duration of endotracheal intubation, less postoperative blood loss, fewer transfusion requirements, minimal postoperative pain and the shorter duration of hospital stay. In addition, patients in Group 1 reported smaller scars, as expected, which contributes to better overall patient satisfaction.

Methods This prospective observational study included 44 patients who underwent isolated ASD closures in the department of cardiac surgery at the National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute (NHFH & RI) from July 2014 to June 2016. After fulfilling the enrolment criteria, participants were divided into two groups.