Health Soc Care Community. 2019;27:953-964. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/hsc | 953 AbstractFood insecurity would influence children's health and development through its effects on nutrition and household stress in the context of broader poverty-related problems. This study contributes to research regarding the characterisation of foodinsecure households with children under the age of 18. In particular, it highlights the social and institutional aspects which influence and interact with parents' attempts to protect their children from hunger and destitution. In this study, we document some aspects of the harsh realities faced by mothers and fathers with children under the age of 18 living in poverty who attended a self-organised foodbank in the city of Madrid in 2015. We used a qualitative methodology consisting of 7 months of participant observation and the conduction of 15 in-depth interviews. This study shows how the possibilities for the meaningful protection of children in food-insecure households can be influenced by parental coping strategies, community resources and availability and accessibility to public help. Foodbanks can help reduce both household hunger (although not meeting all nutritional requirements) and parental psychosocial distress, which might support parents to better protect their children. In particular, self-managed foodbanks appear to help parents cope with emotional distress by reducing feelings of powerlessness and self-blame through their active involvement, and thanks to the collective caring that occurs between members. Public services are of special relevance, since their absence or an active institutional discrimination has been shown to further damage impoverished households with children. We suggest that public policies in Spain are revised and reinforced to enable a more genuine protection of children and their families living under severe deprivation, and to prevent life-long damage. Public institutions could assume that people attending a foodbank are living in severe poverty and need access to adequate and supportive public resources to address it. K E Y W O R D Schild health, childcare, food insecurity, foodbank, public policy, qualitative research, self-management