Objectives To evaluate bleaching efficacy and oral health-related quality of life (ORHQoL) of three bleaching systems with similar hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentration for up to 6 months post-treatment. Materials and methods A randomized controlled trial was designed with three parallel groups: group A — in-office 6% HP paint-on varnish; group B — at-home 6% HP with adaptable tray; group C — at-home 16% carbamide peroxide with custom tray. At three different stages (baseline, after bleaching, and 6-month follow-up), ORHQoL was evaluated by the OHIP-14 questionnaire and tooth color of the upper canines and central incisors were measured by two shade guides and a spectrophotometer (measuring CIE L*a*b* with respective color/whiteness differences − Δ E 00 /ΔWI D ). Results were presented as mean and 95% confidence intervals and statistical tests were performed appropriately, considering a significance level of α = 0.05. Results All groups presented significant color differences ( P < 0.05) between all stages, with Δ E 00 /ΔWI D surpassing the perceptibility threshold in 98% cases, with group C’s results being significantly ( P < 0.05) higher when compared to other groups, although with significantly ( P < 0.05) higher values of color relapse. Significative ORHQoL improvements ( P < 0.05) were detected after bleaching in a global analysis with no differences between techniques. Conclusions All techniques presented bleaching efficacy, color stability, and improvements in ORHQoL up to 6 months post-treatment. Clinical significance Clinicians may consider both at-home and in-office bleaching techniques with 6% HP to attain long-lasting satisfactory clinical results while producing positive changes in ORHQoL.

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Objectives To investigate the impact of gustatory stimulants of salivary secretion (GSSS) on Sjögren's syndrome patients’ self‐perception of xerostomia, oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and salivary secretion. Methods A total of 110 Sjögren's syndrome patients were randomly allocated to be treated with either a malic acid lozenge or a citric acid mouthwash and then crossed over. Before and after the interventions, the Xerostomia Inventory 5 (SXI‐5‐PL) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14‐PT) questionnaires (both in the Portuguese language) were administered to patients. Unstimulated, mechanical and gustatory‐stimulated salivary flows were determined. Repeated measures and between‐subject analyses were performed. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results After the intervention and within each group, both GSSS elicited a reduction in the SXI‐5‐PL and OHIP‐14‐PT scores and an increase in salivary output, significant in the malic acid lozenge group. The malic acid treatment resulted in a greater effect size and percentage improvement than citric acid mouthwash. The malic acid lozenge also produced a significant greater salivary output than the citric acid rising solution. Conclusions In Sjögren's syndrome patients, lozenges containing malic acid increased saliva production and xerostomia relief, resulting in improved quality of life.

Tooth whitening efficacy can be influenced by several factors, of which concentration and application time are two of the most important. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the initial content and release kinetics of the hydrogen peroxide (HP) content, or the carbamide peroxide (CP) content as converted to its HP equivalent, of four tooth whitening products with different concentrations (6% HP, 16% CP, 10% CP, and 5% CP). Titrations with Cerium Sulphate IV were performed to determine HP concentration. HP release kinetics were evaluated by a spectrophotometric technique. The results were expressed as the mean values and 95% confidence interval of the percentage of hydrogen peroxide content during release kinetics. One sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc testing, and Pearson correlation testing were used, as appropriate, with a significance level of α = 0.05. The concentration of titrated HP was higher than that indicated by the manufacturers in all tested products (p < 0.01). At the minimum application times indicated by the manufacturers, all products released at least 85% of HP content; the gel containing 10% CP registered the lowest release at 85.49 (81.52–89.46). There was a significant HP release in all products during the application times indicated by the manufacturers. Further studies are needed to assess in vitro release kinetics.

Objective: To evaluate dental prophylaxis influence in tooth color assessment with the use of different methods. Materials and methods: Volunteers were consecutively recruited and screened according to appropriate inclusion/exclusion criteria. Each participant's upper right central incisive and canine color was measured before and after dental prophylaxis with a one-week interval. Tooth color assessment was performed by calibrated operators and the patient using a VITA Classical shade guide and by spectrophotometric methods with a proper device (SpectroShade). Color was reported as mean with SD of Commission Internationale De l'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* values, ΔE ab and ΔE 00. Oneway analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc were performed to assess differences between methods and paired t test for assessing differences in tooth color coordinates after dental prophylaxis. Values of P < .05 were taken as significant. Results: Fifty patients were included. Self-assessed dental prophylaxis effects equated to a significantly different mean ΔE 00 value of 2.3 ± 1.7 (P < .01), when compared to the calibrated operator reported 0.8 ± 1.1 and the spectrophotometer 1.0 ± 0.5. Half of volunteer's ΔE 00 values surpassed the acceptability threshold, when compared to 28% from investigator and 10% from spectrophotometer. Conclusion: Performing a dental prophylaxis did have an influence in tooth color perception with a higher self-perceived effect in the patient assessment. Clinical significance: The results of this study suggest that performing professional dental prophylaxis presented a perceived effect in tooth color regardless of the method used being that patients precepted whiter and less yellowish teeth. Since extrinsic stain is considered as one of the factors that could influence tooth color assessment, performing professional dental prophylaxis prior to composite or ceramic color selection in anterior teeth restorations could consequently increase treatment predictability.