RESUMOO programa de melhoramento genético de bananeira da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical visa desenvolver e selecionar novas cultivares de bananeira com alta produtividade, bom sabor dos frutos e que apresentem resistência às principais doenças. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar cultivares e híbridos de bananeira visando a identificação de genótipos superiores em produtividade e resistência a doenças. Foram avaliados os híbridos da cv. Gros Michel (Calipso, Bucaneiro e Ambrosia); da cv.Yangambi (YB42-21 e YB42-17); da cv. Prata (ST42-08 e ST12-31) e de Prata-Anã (SH3640) e as cultivares Pacovan e Nanicão. As características utilizadas para as avaliações foram: altura da planta (m); diâmetro do pseudocaule (cm); número de folhas vivas na floração; número de folhas vivas na colheita; número de frutos por cacho; peso do cacho (kg); peso médio de frutos (g); comprimento do fruto (cm); diâmetro do fruto (cm); espessura da casca (mm); número de dias do plantio à floração e número de dias do plantio à colheita. Usou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com 10 tratamentos, cinco repetições e seis touceiras por parcela, espaçadas de 2,00 m x 3,00 m. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram características agronômicas iguais ou superiores as cultivares que lhes deram origem. Os melhores híbridos de Prata , Yangambi e Gros Michel foram respectivamente, ST12-31, YB42-21 e Bucaneiro. Termos de indexação:Musa spp., produção, genótipos, ciclo da cultura, porte da planta. ABSTRACTThe banana genetic breeding program at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits aims to develop and select new banana varieties with high productivity, good fruit flavor and resistance to most banana diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate banana cultivars and hybrids in order to identify superior genotypes for productivity and disease resistance. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (cm); pseudostem diameter (cm); number of living leaves during flowering; and at harvest number of fingers per bunch; bunch weight (kg); mean finger weight (g); finger length (cm); finger diameter (cm); skin thickness (mm); number of days from planting to flowering and number of days from planting to harvesting in the hybrids of the Gros Michel (Calipso, Bucaneiro and Ambrosia); Yangambi (YB42-21 e YB42-17); Prata (ST42-08 e ST12-31) and Prata Anã (SH3640) and in the cultivars Pacovan (Prata Type) and Nanicão (Cavendish Type). The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks design, with 10 treatments, five replications and six bushes per plot in the spacing of 2.0 m x 3.0 m. The hybrids evaluated presented agronomic characteristics equal or superior to the corresponding varieties. The best hybrids of the Prata, Yangambi and Gros Michel were ST12-31, YB42-21 and Bucaneiro, respectively.
RESUMO O feijão guandu Cajanus cajan L. é uma cultura comum, encontrada com freqüência em todo o Brasil
FórumResumo: A citricultura no Brasil exerce um papel de grande importância econômica, social, gerando empregos, renda e desenvolvimento. O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de citros, o Estado de Sergipe destaca-se em 5º lugar nacional em produção. Dentre os vários problemas fitossanitários enfrentados pela citricultura brasileira está a Clorose Variegada dos Citros (CVC), conhecida como amarelinho, causada pela bactéria Citrus Leafhoppers, Vectors of the Bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.:Potential Pest of Citrus Crops in Sergipe State.Abstract. The citrus industry in Brazil plays a role of great economic, social, generating jobs, income and development. Brazil is the largest producer of citrus, the State of Sergipe stands out in 5th place in national production. Among the many pest problems faced by Brazilian citrus is Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), known as the yellowing caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Wells et al. The CVC was officially identified in Brazil in 1987, in orchards of "Triângulo Mineiro" and North and northwest of the state of São Paulo. In the Northeast Region of Brazil, was found in 1996 in the municipality of Boquim Sergipe, and Bahia in 1997, the municipalities of Rio Real and Itapicuru. The aim was to review the literature on the species of leafhoppers vectors of CVC, and verify that occur in the state of Sergipe. The first symptoms are seen in the leaves, then go for the fruits and end up affecting the entire plant, and to be perceived can take between five months and two years. The main vectors of X. fastidiosa in citrus are the sharpshooters of the family Cicadellidae. In Brazil 12 sharpshooters species have already been confirmed. For the state of Sergipe, is scarce information about the Cicadellidae vectors, the data are limited to the northern coast of Bahia, except for vague quote about four genus (Oncometropia, Acrogonia, Dilobopterus and Homolodisca) and three species (Homolodisca ignorata Melichar, Acrogonia sp. and Homolodisca spottii Takiya, Cavichioli & McKamey).
Os inimigos naturais são os principais responsáveis pela mortalidade de insetos-praga na maioria dos agroecossistemas, e encontram-se distribuídos principalmente nas ordens Coleoptera, Neuroptera e Hemiptera. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) é um predador polífago presente principalmente na cultura do fumo (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Com este trabalho objetivou-se observar o comportamento predatório de C. nigroannulatus sobre plantas de feijão guandu. As observações e coletas dos insetos foram feitas semanalmente, entre julho e setembro de 2005, na área experimental de Entomologia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Ambientais da Universidade Federal da Bahia UFBA/UFRB. Do total de plantas observadas, 37% continham a presença do predador, com um baixo índice de predação, 7,05%, talvez influenciada pela pequena quantidade de presas presentes nas plantas. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para melhor avaliar o potencial deste predador nos agroecossistemas. Futuramente poderá ser uma alternativa potencial de controle biológico de pragas. Records of the predatory behavior of Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in pingeonpea crop Abstract. The natural enemies are main the responsible ones for the mortality of pests in the majority of agroecosystems, and meet mainly distributed in the orders Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Hemiptera. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a present predator polyphagous mainly in the crop of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The objective of this research it was to evaluate the predatory behavior of C. nigroannulatus on pingeonpea crop. The comments and collections of the insects had been made weekly, between July and September of 2005, in plants pingeonpea in the experimental area of Entomology of the Center of Agrarian, Biological and Ambient Sciences of the Universidade Federal da Bahia UFBA/UFRB. Of the allof observed plants, only 37% of them contained the presence of the predator, the prerestitution index were low, only 7.05%, influenced for the small amount of preys found in the plants. More research is necessary better to evaluate the potential of this predator in agroecosystems. In the future it could be a potential alternative of biological control of pests.
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