This study aims to determine the distribution and abundance of reef fish families chaetodontidae in coral reef waters of Para Island Sub District Tatoareng. This study was conducted at 4 stations. Data collected was done using visual census on the 50-meter transect line at 5 meters depth. In addition to revealing the number of species and abundance of individuals chaetodontidae, data analysis aimed to determine number of species, individual abundance, and the community index. Based on the identification, obtained 27 species from 3 genera and 217 number of individuals.  The highest number of species found at station Para 1.  7 species are always found in all observation stations, Chaetodon kleinii, C. punctatofasciatus, C. lunulatus, C. trifascialis, C. vagabundus, Heniochus varius, H. chrysostomus. The species with the largest number of individuals that is Chaetodon kleinii (45 individuals). Chaetodontidae fish species diversity index ranged between 2.207-2.866. Dominance Index are categorized low in the range of 0.078-0.122.  Similarity index are categorized high in the range of 0.922-0.971. Keywords : coral fishes, chaetodontidae, coral reef, Para Island

The aim of this research is to know the distribution of the size of Decapterus muroadsi, to describe otolit that is otolith length (Po), width otolith (Lo), perimeter / otolith circumference (Ko), otolith area (Ao), and determine the relationship of total length and body weight of fish kite Decapterus muroadsi in Manado Bay. The sampling was conducted in August - December 2017 of the gliders obtained during the study of 135 individuals in which males were 87 individuals and 48 female individuals. Distribution of the total length of the globe and the body height of the globe fish 190 mm - 225 mm, weighs 63 grams - 154 grams, the female fish has a total length of 205 mm - 250 mm, and weighst 88 grams - 159 grams. To know the morphometric perimeter otolith left and right perimeter otolith fish taken to be taken as otolith samples of male fish (15 individuals) and females (15 individuals). The results of the comparison analysis were found for the left and right otolith of male trooper with otolith length (Po) 0.796, perimeterr / otolith circumference (Ko) 0.621, and otolith area (Ao) 0.268 and females with 0.027 otolith (Po) 0.057, perimeter / otolith (Ko) 0.231, and otolith area (Ao) 0.858, males and females did not differ significantly between left otolith and right otolite where t-hit <from t-table as for otolith (O2) 2,371 and otolith otolith otolith (Lo) 2,952 differs markedly where t-hit> from t-table. Kites, Decapterus muroadsi used as a sample in the study were 135 individuals divided into 3 parts, namely males and females and combined (males and females). Based on the result of growth pattern analysis on the value of the fish b of the Decapterus muroadsi male has t-hit> t-table (4E - 06> 1,998) and mixed (and female) have t-hit> t-table (4E-06 - 1,997) Therefore H1 is accepted as (allometric) and females have t-hit <t-table (3E-O6-1,679) has a value b where hypothesis H1 is accepted as isometric. Keywords: Decapterus muroadsi, Describing, Otolith, male, females ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran ukuran ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi, mendeskripsikan otolit yakni panjang otolit (Po), lebar otolit (Lo), perimeter/keliling otolit (Ko), area otolit (Ao), dan menentukan hubungan panjang total dan berat tubuh ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi di Teluk Manado. Pengambilan sampel  ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – Desember 2017 ikan layang yang di peroleh selama penelitian sebanyak 135 individu di mana jantan 87 individu dan betina 48 individu. Sebaran ukuran panjang total ikan layang dan berat tubuh ikan layang jantan 190 mm – 225 mm, berat 63 gram – 154 gram, ikan layang betina memiliki panjang total 205 mm – 250 mm, dan berat 88 gram – 159 gram, Untuk mengetahui perimeter morfometrik otolit kiri dan kanan perimeter otolit ikan layang yang diambil untuk dijadikan sampel otolit ikan layang jantan berjumlah (15 individu) dan betina (15 individu). Hasil analisis perbandingan ternyata untuk otolit kiri dan kanan ikan layang jantan dengan Panjang otolit (Po) 0,796, perimeterr / keliling otolit (Ko) 0,621, dan  area otolit (Ao) 0,268 dan betina dengan Panjang otolit (Po) 0,057, perimeter/keliling otolit (Ko) 0,231, dan area otolit (Ao) 0,858, jantan dan betina tidak berbeda nyata antara otolit kiri dan otolit kanan di mana t-hit < dari t-tabel adapun untuk otolit jantan lebar otolit (Lo) 2,371 dan otolit betina  lebar otolit (Lo) 2,952 berbeda nyata di mana t-hit > dari t-tabel. Ikan layang, Decapterus muroadsi yang digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian berjumlah 135 individu yang di bagi dalam 3 bagian yaitu jantan dan betina serta gabungan (jantan dan betina). Berdasarkan hasil analisis pola pertumbuhan terhadap nilai b ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi jantan memiliki t-hit> t-tabel (4E – 06 >1,998) serta campuran (jantan dan betina) memiliki t-hit> t-tabel (4E-06 – 1,997) Maka dari itu H1 di terima sebagai (allometrik) dan betina memiliki t-hit< t-tabel (3E-O6– 1,679) memiliki nilai b dimana hipotesis H1 diterima sebagai isometrik.Kata kunci : Decapterus muroadsi, mendeskripsikan, otolit, jantan, betina

Sea urchins of different colors were collected 50 individuals each and measured their morphological characters. The data were then transformed to natural logarithm and analyzed using regression. The comparison of the regression line intercept for the shell diameter-height relationship did not show any difference, but there was a significant difference for the shell lenght-heigth relationship. The comparison between different colors exhibited variations in the shell morphology of each sea urchin population. The growth of black spined-sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei), was negative allometric; the fact that they were mostly found in the narrow crevices might have influenced their growth.

The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and size variation of fish caught in the Poigar River Estuary. Sampling was carried out on tide and low tide in the New Moon and Full Moon phases using beach trawl. The catch gets 42 species, 2,726 individuals and weighs 11,355.5 g. The dominance index at low tide and water recedes 0.47 and 0.44 respectively. Diversity Index at high tide and low tide are 0.93 and 1.11 respectively. Found 10 important fish species in tide and 13 species at low tide, there are four species which are important fish both at low tide and high tide, namely Ambassis urotaenia, Ambassis intetrupta, Gazza minuta and Gerres filamentosus. The size distribution of fish from the juvenile phase to the adult phase is the Ambassis urotaenia with a distribution size of 4.2 cm to 9.0 cm and the Ambassis interupta 4.3 to 9.7 cm. Fish classified as only in the juvenile phase are Gazza minuta with a distribution size of 4.0 cm to 12.9 cm and Gerres filamentosus 6.3 cm to 8.6 cm.Kata kunci: Biodiversity, River Poigar, species, juvenile and adult.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan variasi ukuran ikan yang tertangkap di Muara Sungai Poigar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada air pasang dan air surut  pada fase  Bulan Baru dan Bulan Purnama dengan menggunakan pukat pantai.  Hasil tangkapan mendapatkan 42 spesies, 2.726 individu dan berat 11.355,5 g. Indeks dominasi pada saat air pasang dan air surut masing-masing 0,47 dan 0,44. Indeks Keanekaragaman pada saat air pasang dan surut pasang-masing sebesar 0,93 dan 1,11.  Ditemukan 10 spesies ikan penting pada air pasang dan 13 spesies pada air surut, terdapat empat spesies yang merupakan ikan penting baik pada saat surut maupun pasang yaitu Ambassis urotaenia, Ambassis intetrupta, Gazza minuta dan Gerres filamentosus.   Sebaran ukuran ikan dari fase juvenile sampai fase dewasa adalah Ambassis urotania dengan sebaran ukuran 4,2 cm sampai 9,0 cm dan Ambassis intetrupta 4,3 cm sampai 9,7 cm. Ikan  yang tergolong hanya pada fase juvenile adalah  Gazza minuta dengan sebaran ukuran 4,0 cm sampai 12,9 cm dan Gerres filamentosus 6,3 cm  sampai 8,6 cm.Kata kunci: Biodiversitas, Sungai Poigar, spesies, juvenile dan dewasa.

The aims of this study, 1). To find out the number of species and the abundance of coral fishes; 2). To find out the biomasssa of target fish in carnivorous and herbivorous groups. Data collection was carried out at 5 meters depth using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. The area observation is 150 m2. Coralivorous fish are found with 8 species and are categorized as medium. 28 species of target fish were found from carnivorous fish (13 species), and herbivorous fish (15 species).  For total individual number that is 81 individuals and a density that is 3240 individuals/Ha. The highest number of individuals is found in herbivorous fish. The high value of the ecological index shows the stability of the community and the ability of the environment that allows species of fish to grow and develop in their habitat. The target fish is generally in the class size of 16-20 cm and 21-25 cm. In general, reef fish from the group of herbivores are most commonly found in this location.Keywords: Coral Fishes, Likupang Kampung Ambong ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian, yaitu 1). Untuk mengetahui jumlah spesies dan kelimpahan individu ikan karang; 2). Untuk mengetahui biomasssa ikan target kelompok karnivora dan herbivora.  Pengambilan data dilakukan pada kedalaman 5 meter dengan metode Underwater Visual Census (UVC). Luas areal pengamatan adalah 150 m2.   Ikan koralivora yang ditemukan berjumlah 8 spesies dan dikategorikan sedang.  Ditemukan 28 jenis ikan target dari ikan karnivora (13 spesies), dan ikan herbivora (15 spesies).  Untuk kelimpahan individu total yaitu 81 individu dan densitas 3240 individu/Ha.  Jumlah individu tertinggi ditemukan pada ikan herbivora.  Tingginya nilai indeks ekologi menunjukkan kemantapan komunitas dan kemampuan lingkungan yang memungkinkan jenis-jenis ikan untuk bertahan dan berkembang pada habitatnya.  Ikan target umumnya pada kelas ukuran 16 - 20 cm dan 21 – 25 cm.  Pada umumnya ikan karang dari kelompok herbivora yang paling banyak ditemukan di lokasi ini. Kata Kunci: Ikan Karang, Likupang Kampung Ambong, Biomassa