For the detection of early HCC, gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging is preferred to ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging because the former demonstrated significantly greater accuracy in the detection of small HCCs.

No abstract

A new fluorometric device was developed to measure the fluorescence yield of microalgae in order to detect photosystem II specific herbicides in outdoor water samples. The system was tested with respect to sensitivity and reliability with two species: Chlorella fusca (a green alga) and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (a diatom). The main advantages are the use of cell cultures without preliminary centrifugation, the evaluation of variable fluorescence from steady-state levels, and the rapidity of the measurement. Concentrations around the binding constant of inhibitors (around 10 -8 M) can be detected for dichlorophenlydimethylurea, atrazine and simazine. The new system was compared with the commercially available pulse amplitude fluorometer PAM IOI; it was shown that the sensitivity was about 10 times greater than with PAM 101, working at optimal chlorophyll concentrations. The advantages and limits of both systems when applied to flee-water samples are discussed.

Even in the presence of a history of a malignant tumor, about 50% of the detected small liver lesions on MRI are benign. In the absence of a tumor history the probability of a small malignant liver lesion is very low, if the patients does not have liver cirrhosis where small hepatocellular carcinomas can be present.

No abstract