The synthesis and characterization of a series of biphenyl-derived binuclear ruthenium complexes with terminal {RuCl(CO)(PMe3)3} moieties and different structural arrangements of the phenyl rings are reported. Electrochemical studies revealed that the two metal centers of the binuclear ruthenium complexes interact with each other through the biphenyl bridge, and the redox splittings ΔE1/2 show a strong linear correlation with cos(2)  ϕ, where ϕ is the torsion angle between the two phenyl rings. A combination of electrochemical, UV/Vis/NIR, and in situ IR differential spectroelectrochemical analysis clearly showed that: 1) the intramolecular electronic couplings in the binuclear ruthenium complexes could be modulated by changing ϕ; 2) the electronic ground state of the mixed-valent cations changes from delocalized to localized through the biphenyl bridge with increasing torsion angle ϕ, that is, the redox processes of these complexes change from significant involvement of the bridging ligand to an oxidation behavior with less participation of the bridge.

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Abstract. This paper has described a firefighting training clothes based on embedded wireless sensors which provides the wearer with multi-mode human-computer interaction. The whole software system is made up of four single modules: temperature data acquisition module, motion data acquisition module, data communication module, temperature control module. When wearer moves in the real world, the accelerometer and the gyro can measure the wearer's movement information so that the virtual character in the virtual scene walks the same path as the real one. Command will be sent to the heating and cooling modules in order to adjust the temperature of the firefighting training clothes while the virtual character is close to or away from the fire source. We designed experiments to test the temperature control function of firefighting training clothes in certain circumstance. The results showed that the wearer could tell the temperature change when the virtual character is close to or away from the fire source. In the future, we plan to provide the wearer with immersive interactive experience via virtual reality helmet so that the wearer can be fully integrated into the virtual scene.