Youngia gongshanensis, a new species of Youngia sect. “Mesomeris” from Yunnan province of China is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny. The new species is superficially very similar to Y. atripappa having a solitary and erect stem and more or less lyrately pinnatisect leaves, but can be distinguished by capitula with 5–6 (vs. 12–15) florets, corolla tube glabrous (vs. sparsely pubescent with short white spreading hairs), pappus white (vs. grayish), bracts ovate to elliptic, distinct large (vs. very small, subulate). Parsimony analyses based on DNA sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal ITS shows that the new species is sister to Y. cineripappa with strong support, but the new species differs from the latter in having a glabrous corolla tube, smaller capitula with a lesser number of florets, and especially the white pappus.

Nabalus muliensis (Asteraceae, Cichorieae), a new species from southwestern Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated. It is the third species of Nabalus occurring in China. The new species is similar to Nabalus tatarinowii in its paniculiform inflorescence, nodding capitula, 3–5 florets, cylindric involucre, achene with unequal ribs and pale brown pappus, but differs by its yellow florets (vs. purple, white or pink), leaf blade lyrate-pinnatilobate (vs. divided with 1–3 pairs of lobes), and achenes with a 2–3 mm long beak (vs. apex truncate). The new species is considered Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

A new genus, Lihengia, is established for two species presently treated within Dubyaea, which is proved to be paraphyletic in the present study, even after exclusion of Lihengia. Dubyaea is a genus of about 15 species endemic to the Sino‐Himalayan region that are treated within subtribe Crepidinae of tribe Cichorieae within Asteraceae. Stebbins suggested that Dubyaea may contain species representing direct ancestors of several widerspread genera in tribe Cichorieae, thus making phylogenetic reconstruction challenging. We tested the monophyly of Dubyaea using a molecular phylogeny reconstructed from ITS and five plastid fragment sequences (petD, psbA‐trnH, 5′trnL(UAA)‐trnF, rpl32‐trnL(UAG), trnQ(UUG)‐5′rps16) and sampling comprising Dubyaea and related species within the tribe Cichorieae. We resolved Dubyaea species within at least two separate clades of tribe Cichorieae. Most species of Dubyaea occurred in subtribe Crepidinae, while Dubyaea sect. Amoena was placed in subtribe Lactucinae. Based on our findings, we erect Lihengia as a new genus to accommodate the species of D. sect. Amoena, and, consequently, we propose two new combinations. We discuss the morphological and cytological support for the new genus.