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Rationale:Cataracts can occur in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus who have poorly controlled glycemia. Here, we report a case of a 16-year-old female, who was diagnosed with bilateral cataracts, and genetic screening identified a mutation in the PRRC2A gene which is rarely reported. After surgery, retinopathy was found in this patient, combined with the published literature, we encourage that postoperative monitoring for retinal lesions during the follow-up visits should be conducted.Patient concerns:In this article, we present an adolescent diagnosed with bilateral cataracts, and developed retinopathy during the follow-up visits. Genetic screening identified a mutation in the PRRC2A gene.Diagnoses:The diagnoses of Diabetic cataracts, Type 1 diabetes and Diabetic retinopathy was made.Interventions:The patient underwent surgery in both eyes, and hypoglycemic treatment was provided.Outcomes:The surgery achieved satisfactory results, during the follow-up visits, her visual acuity was reported as 0.8 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye. Besides, her blood glucose was well controlled, and her glycated hemoglobin was reduced to 6.9% after three months of continuous treatment.Lessons:This case highlights the importance of genetic screening for detecting mutations in diabetes-related genes, and postoperative monitoring for retinal lesions during the follow-up visits.

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) seriously threatens the health of patients with diabetes. Moreover, it has been reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomal miRNAs can modulate the progression of multiple diseases, including DN. It has been suggested that miR-125b is involved in DN. However, the biological functions of exosomal miRNAs, especially miR-125b, in DN are still unclear. To establish a DN model in vitro, we used a model of human embryonic kidney epithelial cells (HKCs) injury induced by high glucose (HG). Then, miR-125b was delivered to the model cells in vitro via MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), and the effect of exosomal miR-125b on HKCs apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. qRT-PCR or western blotting was performed to measure miR-125b or tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) expression in HKC. The effect of MSC-Exos on HKCs apoptosis after miR-125b knockdown was determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the targeting relationship between miR-125b and TRAF6 in HKCs. Our data revealed that MSC-Exos increased HG-induced autophagy in HKCs and reversed HKCs apoptosis. Moreover, our study found that miR-125b was enriched in MSC-Exos and directly targeted TRAF6 in HKCs. In addition, exosomally transferred miR-125b inhibited the apoptosis of HG-treated HKCs by mediating Akt signalling. In summary, MSC-derived exosomal miR-125b induced autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in HG-treated HKCs via the downregulation of TRAF6. Therefore, our study provided a new idea for DN treatment.

Considering the influence of the fluid-inertia item on dynamic transmission characteristics during soft-start of hydro-viscous drive (HVD), theoretical models were derived with the aim of revealing the effect of engagement pressure, lubricant viscosity, viscosity-temperature characteristics, surface roughness and the ratio of inner and outer radius of plates on total torque and viscous torque. The results indicate that the increase of engagement pressure and lubricant viscosity shortens soft-start time and increases peak total torque in the stage of mixed lubrication. The decrease of surface roughness and effective contact area of plates can both shorten soft-start time. And yet two cases of time to reach peak total torque are in different stages. Fluid-inertia item included can help to avoid fluctuation of the total torque while increasing lubricant viscosity or reducing surface roughness. It can increase soft-start time obviously when considering viscosity-temperature characteristics. In short, the research reveals the influence rules of the fluid-inertia item on dynamic transmission characteristics of HVD; additionally, fluid-inertia item included contributes to reduce oscillation of the total torque and the decline in efficiency. Therefore, the research results lay a theoretical foundation for the design of high-power HVD device.