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The Joule-Thomson expansion is studied for Reissner-Nordström-Anti-de Sitter black holes with cloud of strings and quintessence, as well as its thermodynamics. The cosmological constant is treated as thermodynamic pressure, whose conjugate variable is considered as the volume. The characteristics of the Joule-Thomson expansion are studied in four main aspects with the case of ω = −1 and ω = − 2 3 , including the Joule-Thomson coefficient, the inversion curves, the isenthalpic curves and the ratio between T min i and T c . The sign of the Joule-Thomson coefficient is possible for determining the occurrence of heating or cooling. The scattering point of the Joule-Thomson coefficient corresponds to the zero point of the Hawking temperature. Unlike the van der Waals fluids, the inversion curve is the dividing line between heating and cooling regions, above which the slope of the isenthalpic curve is positive and cooling occurs, and the cooling-heating critical point is more sensitive to Q. Concerning the ratio T min i Tc , we calculate it separately in the cases where only the cloud of strings, only quintessence and both are present.