The ability to identify the correlation in the remotely departed entangled photon pairs is critical to measure the time difference for subsequent synchronization between independent time scales. The first remote correlation detection was reported in 2009, which extracts the time difference via the algorithm of iterative fast Fourier transformations (FFTs) and their inverse.Based on this algorithm, the resolution is restricted due to the pre-processing program of the time sequences. In this paper an improved algorithm is proposed both in the resolution and time difference precision, which realizes well-performed coincidence identification with a flexible resolution down to 1 ps. With a common time scale reference, the measured time offset between two timing signals detected nonlocally has achieved a standard deviation of 0.72 ps. This implementation provides a solid basis for the applications of entanglement-based quantum technologies in the systems of high-precision clock synchronization, ranging system and quantum communications.