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Transcription factor 7-like 2 has been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in multiple ethnic groups in recent years. In the Chinese Han population in particular, numerous studies have evaluated the association between the rs11196218A/G polymorphism of the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the results have been inconsistent, so we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval values were calculated using a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model based on heterogeneity analysis. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on conformity with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control group as well as on other variables, such as age, sex and body mass index. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to detect heterogeneity and to assess the stability of the results. In total, 10 case-control studies comprising 7,491 cases and 12,968 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The combined analysis indicated that the rs11196218A/G polymorphism was not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (G vs. A, OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.97-1.13, p=0.28). The subgroup analyses also did not show any association between the rs11196218A/G polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the results of the subgroup analyses indicated that the absence of an association was not influenced by age, sex or body mass index. The results of the sensitivity analysis verified the reliability and stability of this meta-analysis. In conclusion, this study indicated that there is no significant association between the rs11196218A/G polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population.

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Casing collapse and fracture may be caused by the rise of casing annulus temperature and pressure in the initial stage of production and testing of deepwater wells. Based on the casing program and wellbore heat transfer process, a pressure calculation model for casing annulus was established, which provides basis for annulus pressure control. Fluid trapped in the annulus of subsea wells can cause casing strings to fail. This condition occurs when casing annuli attain a closed-volume circumstance (when a well is cased, cemented, and head seals are set). During production, the heat transfer of the produced fluids to the casing strings causes the trapped fluid to increase in pressure. This condition is magnified in deepwater because annular fluids are cooler due to the cold deepwater environment. With the annulus between testing string and production casing as an example, a casing annulus temperature calculation method was derived according to the principle of conservation of energy and wellbore heat transfer analysis. The casing annulus pressure prediction model was established for typical deepwater wells according to the volume change of casing annulus fluid with temperature and pressure, and in combination of the casing annulus PVT equation and annulus temperature equation. The casing annulus temperature and pressure calculation methods were successfully applied in the casing annulus temperature and pressure management operation in deepwater wells in West Africa, and the predicted temperature and pressure were compared with the actual ones, which indicates that casing annulus temperature and pressure prediction methods have good accuracy.