Highlights d Integrated proteogenomic characterization in 103 ccRCC cases d Delineation of chromosomal translocation events leading to chromosome 3p loss d Tumor-specific proteomic/phosphoproteomic alterations unrevealed by mRNA analysis d Immune-based subtypes of ccRCC defined by mRNA, proteome, and phosphoproteome

Crucial transitions in cancer-including tumor initiation, local expansion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance-involve complex interactions between cells within the dynamic tumor ecosystem. Transformative single-cell genomics technologies and spatial multiplex in situ methods now provide an opportunity to interrogate this complexity at unprecedented resolution. The Human Tumor Atlas Network (HTAN), part of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Moonshot Initiative, will establish a clinical, experimental, computational, and organizational framework to generate informative and accessible three-dimensional atlases of cancer transitions for a diverse set of tumor types. This effort complements both ongoing efforts to map healthy organs and previous largescale cancer genomics approaches focused on bulk sequencing at a single point in time. Generating single-cell, multiparametric, longitudinal atlases and integrating them with clinical outcomes should help identify novel predictive biomarkers and features as well as therapeutically relevant cell types, cell states, and cellular interactions across transitions. The resulting tumor atlases should have a profound impact on our understanding of cancer biology and have the potential to improve cancer detection, prevention, and therapeutic discovery for better precision-medicine treatments of cancer patients and those at risk for cancer.Cancer forms and progresses through a series of critical transitions-from pre-malignant to malignant states, from locally contained to metastatic disease, and from treatment-responsive to treatment-resistant tumors (Figure 1). Although specifics differ across tumor types and patients, all transitions involve complex dynamic interactions between diverse pre-malignant, malignant, and non-malignant cells (e.g., stroma cells and immune cells), often organized in specific patterns within the tumor

Highlights d Proteogenomic characterization reveals the functional impact of genomic alterations d Phosphoproteomics uncovers putative therapeutic targets downstream of KRAS d Multiomics links endothelial cell remodeling and glycolysis to immune exclusion d Proteomics and glycoproteomics reveal candidates for early detection or intervention

In the originally published version of this article, Daniel Geiszler's last name was misspelled. This error has now been corrected in the article online.