The large amount of fly ash (FA) in Indonesia cannot be used optimally due to Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 concerning Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste which stated that FA was included in the category of hazardous and toxic waste. This study aims to conduct a study related to the effect of FA as fertilizer on plants. Five samples of FA obtained from five coal-fired power plants. They will be mixed with the soil by three different ratios: 25% FA:75% soil, 50% FA:50% soil, and 100% FA. This research used chilli, corn, and okra as the seeds. The finding shows that most of FA samples can be used as fertilizer for some plants.
The failure of water wall tubes in a boiler steam power plant has been analysed. When the first inspection was conducted on the 25-Megawatt steam power plant, leakage was found on several water wall circulating fluidized boiler (CFB) tube. Visual examination, chemical composition analysis, hardness measurement, and metallographic examination on the tube samples cut from the water wall were used to analyse the cause of the failure. Visual examination showed that there is a thick weld joint on the tube inner side that could induce overheat and cause the tube to fracture and, in some locations, there were thick deposits on the tube inner side. A Hardness measurement of the tube near the fracture location showed an increase in the hardness value ranged from 191 – 206 HV. Metallographic examinations showed that there has been some micro-crack along the grain boundary. Composition analysis on the deposit at the inner side of the tube showed a trace of magnesium and calcium indicate that the water quality of the boiler doesn’t meet the standard. To resolve the problem, it is recommended to fix the weld procedure and kept the water quality to meet the standards.
Baterai Vanadium Redox Flow (VRFB) adalah teknologi penyimpanan energi yang telah digunakan pada beberapa demo-plant sistem tenaga listrik skala kecil. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis pemanfaatan VRFB untuk sistem ketenagalistrikan di Pulau Ut. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian adalah review literatur, pemodelan tekno-ekonomi menggunakan software Homer Pro. Baterai VRFB merupakan teknologi penyimpanan tipe Redox Flow yang paling mature dan digunakan pada beberapa proyek demonstrasi di beberapa negara dan telah memasuki tahap komersialisasi untuk aplikasi penyimpan energi skala besar. Karakteristik yang cukup berbeda dari VRFB adalah dapat dipisahkannya daya dan energi dalam desain energi penyimpanan, memiliki siklus hidup yang tinggi dan dapat mencapai DoD yang tinggi. Meskipun memiliki energi densitas yang rendah dibandingkan dengan teknologi Li-ion, faktor safety VRFB lebih baik karena tidak memiliki risiko kebakaran jika terjadi short-circuit. Temperatur merupakan aspek yang perlu diperhatikan pada baterai ini karena pengoperasian diluar range temperatur akan menyebabkan presipitasi pada elektrolit yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan membran dan penurunan kapasitas. Selain itu overcharging dapat menyebabkan reaksi samping pembentukan gas Hidrogen. Oksidasi elektroda merupakan faktor lain yang perlu diperhatikan karena dapat menyebabkan delaminasi karbon pada elektroda. Hasil simulasi tekno-ekonomi pada sistem kecil menunjukkan nilai biaya energi (COE) dari konfigurasi sistem hibrid dengan menggunakan VRFB adalah $0.288/kWh. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa COE sistem akan bergantung secara signifikan pada harga capital elektrolit dimana diprediksi jika harga elektrolit lebih rendah 40% akan sebanding dengan COE sistem menggunakan baterai lead acid.
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