The purpose of this study was to investigate what common errors and misconceptions about fractions exist among Saudi Arabian college students. Moreover, the study aimed at investigating the possible explanations for the existence of such misconceptions among students. A researcher developed mathematical test aimed at identifying common errors about fractions as well as short interviews, aimed at understanding the thought process while solving problems on the test, were conducted among a total of 107 (n=107) college students. The findings suggested that the majority of college students in Saudi Arabia hold common misconceptions about fractions and mathematical calculations involving fractions, such as thinking that all fractions are always part of 1 and never greater than 1, and using cross multiplication to solve multiplication problems involving fractions.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a medical condition present in patients suffering from long-term diabetes. If a diagnosis is not carried out at an early stage, it can lead to vision impairment. High blood sugar in diabetic patients is the main source of DR. This affects the blood vessels within the retina. Manual detection of DR is a difficult task since it can affect the retina, causing structural changes such as Microaneurysms (MAs), Exudates (EXs), Hemorrhages (HMs), and extra blood vessel growth. In this work, a hybrid technique for the detection and classification of Diabetic Retinopathy in fundus images of the eye is proposed. Transfer learning (TL) is used on pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to extract features that are combined to generate a hybrid feature vector. This feature vector is passed on to various classifiers for binary and multiclass classification of fundus images. System performance is measured using various metrics and results are compared with recent approaches for DR detection. The proposed method provides significant performance improvement in DR detection for fundus images. For binary classification, the proposed modified method achieved the highest accuracy of 97.8% and 89.29% for multiclass classification.

No abstract

This study has assessed the role of reading, writing, and arithmetic teaching among adult learners in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative approach was used by recruiting 186 students divided into three groups, namely, the write to learn (WTL) group, traditional teaching group, and individual technology use (ITU) group. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the analysis of the arithmetic and literacy test scores of the students. The findings showed that the performance of the WTL group was most effective among the three groups. The results showed that the learning capacity of adults could be improved by refining their writing and reading skills. The formative feedback, collaborative environment, and engagement helped improve the learning scores. It shows that the use of information and communication technology (ICT) should be accurately implemented along with the formation of a collaborative environment.

This article explores ethical dilemmas associated with rehabilitation counselor service provision to individuals with AIDS/HIV, emphasizing the conflict between the duty to protect confidentiality and the duty to warn and the ethical and legal considerations pertaining to this conflict. A discussion on the limits of confidentiality, the application of the six ethical principles, the specific guidelines provided in rehabilitation counselors' code of ethics, and the legal actions that address the issue of duty to warn are provided.