With the increasing popularity of cloud computing, many notable quality of service (QoS)-aware service composition approaches have been incorporated in service-oriented cloud computing systems. However, these approaches are implemented without considering the energy and network resource consumption of the composite services. The increases in energy and network resource consumption resulting from these compositions can incur a high cost in data centers. In this paper, the tradeoff among QoS performance, energy consumption, and network resource consumption in a service composition process is first analyzed. Then, a green service composition approach is proposed. It gives priority to those composite services that are hosted on the same virtual machine, physical server, or edge switch with end-to-end QoS guarantee. It fulfills the green service composition optimization by minimizing the energy and network resource consumption on physical servers and switches in cloud data centers. Experimental results indicate that, with comparisons to other approaches, our approach saves 20%-50% of energy consumption and 10%-50% of network resource consumption.

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