An ergonomic study is conducted on postural analysis of the vendors selling edible items at various railway stations and in trains in Northern India. It has been observed that they attain a definite posture infinite number of times to perform a particular task for whole life. It depends upon the number of passengers whom they interact for selling edible products in the trains and at the railway stations. It has been observed that about 20-25 vendors are working at one railway station and +7000 railway stations in Indian railway network therefore at national level these are large in numbers. The RULA and REBA analysis are performed on the eight different vendors who were selling various types of eatable products at the railway stations and in the trains. The results of RULA analysis score is 100% score (7-high risk) was obtained for each vendor which indicates that there is a very high risk and further investigation is required on their working postures and implement change soon. On the other hand REBA analysis showed that 50% score (5- has medium risk, further investigate and change soon and remaining 50% score (8-9), pointed out that these postures have high risk, further investigate and implement change. The average of REBA score of all 8 vendors is 6.75 which showed that the working postures have high risk, further investigate and implement change soon. Further, QEC analysis also revealed that there is a high risk as per the assessment scores. Almost every vendor‘s shoulder score lies (31-40) which means high risk, also back score, wrist score and neck score showed high risk in QEC assessment scores. On the basis of results and succeeding discussions conclusions has been drawn

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Electrochemical Machining process is one of the popular non-traditional machining processes which is used to machine materials such as super alloys, Ti-alloys, stainless steel etc. Its working principle is based upon Faraday law of electrolysis. The aim of the present work is to optimize the ECM process parameters with the combination of SS 316 (job material) and Copper electrode (tool material). To explore the effect of ECM process parameters such as electrolyte concentration, voltage and current, feed rate on MRR and surface finish (Ra) of the job, total 27 experiments were conducted as per experimental scheme. The results of these experiments revealed that increase in electrolyte concentration decrease the mrr and surface roughness initially increases then decreases. Further, increase in current increases mrr initially and then decreases, surface roughness also increases. It is also noticed that increase in Feed rate mrr decreases and then increases, also surface roughness decreases then increases. Through RSM analysis it is found that the optimum conditions for maximum MRR, and minimum Surface roughness (Ra) is electrolyte concentration 150gm/lit, Voltage 13.5 V & feed 0.8 mm/min. The findings are discussed in the light of previous researches and subsequently conclusions are drawn.