We note that the term "serious or irreversible" is probably slightly unfortunate: because it may imply that irreversible but trivial harms need to be guarded against. Whereas presumably they don't. So a formulation like "serious, especially if irreversible" would probably be a happier formulation. …Then again, the "serious or irreversible" formulation could be precautionarily defended, on the grounds that it can be doubted whether any truly irreversible change is truly trivial. 2 This point is present powerfully in the work of Hannah Arendt; see particularly The human condition. See also Christopher Groves' work in recent years, and Anne Chapman's article in this issue. 3 Anne Chapman's article in the present issue of Environment develops this point. See also her

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Gordon Baker in his last decade published a series of papers (now collected in Baker 2004), which are revolutionary in their proposals for understanding of later Wittgenstein. Taking our lead from the first of those papers, on “perspicuous presentations,” we offer new criticisms of ‘elucidatory’ readers of later Wittgenstein, such as Peter Hacker: we argue that their readings fail to connect with the radically therapeutic intent of the ‘perspicuous presentation’ concept, as an achievement‐term, rather than a kind of ‘objective’ mapping of a ‘conceptual landscape.’ Baker's Wittgenstein, far from being a ‘language policeman’ of the kind that often fails to influence mainstream philosophy, offers an alternative to the latent scientism of Wittgenstein's influential ‘elucidatory’ readers.

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Distinguishing between the source and the locus of value enables environmental philosophers to consider not only what is of value, but also to try to develop a conception of valuation that is itself ecological. Such a conception must address difficulties caused by the original locational metaphors in which the distinction is framed. This is done by reassessing two frequently employed models of valuation, perception, and desire, and going on to show that a more adequate ecological understanding of valuation emerges when these models are fully contextualized in the intersecting life worlds of the ecological community. Ecological evaluation takes place in ongoing encounters between these worlds and a crucial part in this process is assigned to