This project aimed to review teacher’s leadership learning strategies in improving student learning outcomes since the government sent students home to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The student’s learning success during a pandemic is closely related to understanding and implementing teacher leadership strategies in helping students learn from home. To support teachers in student learning success, we have reviewed literature, especially student learning during school closings. After data collection, we continued in-depth analysis and interpretation with a descriptive qualitative approach. Analysis and interpretation include the competencies to be achieved, learning motivation, teaching materials, mentoring methods, and success evaluation rubrics. After we connected all the elements above with teaching, pedagogy, and understanding of the realities of student learning during the pandemic, we finally succeeded in compiling a strategic formulation of the teacher leadership strategies as follows: 1) spatial learning practice, 2) retrospective approach, 3) practical elaborative learning, 4) collaborative learning, 5) interleaving approach, 6) concrete commitment, 7) multiple coding skills, 8) helpful resources, 9) digital competence, and 10) celebrating every success. These findings are they are valid and reliable. Therefore, the implication of this findings can be a strategy for teachers to back up students learning from home today where teaching still remains in remote settings.

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This study analyzes the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission of emerging market countries, both short and long-term in maintaining economic stability and reducing poverty. The main problem in this paper is that monetary transmission is incapable of controlling the economy and reducing poverty. There are five countries selected such as India, Brazil, China, Russia, and Indonesia. Long-term prediction analysis using Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model is performed to predict five emerging market countries using Regression Panel. It results suggest that monetary policy transmission affecting the number of poor people should be controlled in three stages. In the short-term, the transmission of export variables and inflation controls the number of poor people. In the medium-term, the control of the number of poor people uses variables of inflation and exports while in the long-term uses exports and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Overall, all economic variables of emerging market countries are greatly influenced by the fluctuations of each country's exports, then by food price stability as measured by food price inflation. The result of regression panel analysis is known that the factor that most influence the poor people in emerging market country is GDP. Exports also affect poor people such as Indonesia, China, and Russia. Inflation also causes poor people like India and Brazil. The countries that have the most impact on economic fluctuations on the number of poor people are India, Indonesia, China, Brazil, and Russia.

The financial system plays an important role in the economy. An unstable financial system will be vulnerable to various problems that disrupt the rotation of a country's economy and be vulnerable to economic problems such as the global crisis in various countries. The problem that occurs is the occurrence of Covid-19 causing various fluctuations in the level of inflation, money supply, imports, the occurrence of unstable inflation from January 2019 to August 2021, low inflation resulting in a decrease in imports and an increase in the money supply in Mexico. , Vietnam, Philippines, Hongkong, Indonesia, Canada, Malaysia, Singapore, Peru, and China. The analytical method in this study uses the ARDL Panel (Autoregression Distributed Lag) approach. The ARDL Panel Model determines which country models from APEC countries are able to control long-term financial system-based economic fundamentals in Mexico, Vietnam, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Canada, Malaysia, Singapore, Peru, and China and the Different Test for modeling the impact of covid-19 19 on the economic fundamentals of the financial system. The results of the research found the ARDL Panel prediction model in modeling the impact of Covid-19 on economic fundamentals in the financial system. The main Leading Indicator of variable effectiveness in controlling Inflation In TAPEC is JUB where Vietnam, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Peru and China have a significant influence in controlling Inflation. Then overall in the long term (Long Run) it turns out that only the JUB and CDV variables have an effect on INF In TAPEC, while in the short term (Short Run) it is JUB that influences Inflation In TAPEC.

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh secara simultan kurs, inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, PDB dan kredit domestik berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap cadangan devisa. Menganalisis pengaruh secara simultan kurs, ekspor, cadangan devisa dan tingkat suku bunga berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap inflasi. Menganalisis efektivitas teori keynesian dan monetaris terhadap cadangan devisa di Indonesia. Data penelitian selama 15 tahun yaitu dari tahun 2001 sampai dengan tahun 2015. Analisis data menggunakan analisis simultan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan cadangan devisa sangat dipengaruhi oleh kurs dan kredit domestik. Sedangkan analisis simultan untuk inflasi menghasilkan pengaruh yang signifikan variabel ekspor dan cadangan devisa.