Background: There are currently limited systematic reviews of mobile health interventions for middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes from trial studies. This review aimed to gather and analyze information from experimental studies investigating the efficacy of mobile health usability for outcomes among middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes. Methods: We conducted a literature search in five databases: Clinicaltrials.gov, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCO, with a date range of January 2007 to July 2022 written in English, following a registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022354351). The quality and possibility of bias were assessed using the Jadad score. The data extraction and analysis were conducted in a methodical manner. Results: A total of 25 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, with 19 studies using randomized trial designs and 6 studies with non-randomized designs. The study outcomes were the incidence of diabetes mellitus, anthropometric measures, laboratory examinations, measures of physical activity, and dietary behavior. During long-term follow-up, there was no significant difference between mobile health interventions and controls in reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The findings of the studies for weight change, ≥3% and ≥5% weight loss, body mass index, and waist circumference changes were inconsistent. The efficacy of mobile health as an intervention for physical activity and dietary changes was lacking in conclusion. Most studies found that mobile health lacks sufficient evidence to change hbA1c. According to most of these studies, there was no significant difference in blood lipid level reduction. Conclusion: The use of mobile health was not sufficiently proven to be effective for middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes.

BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common condition of the postpartum period that affects the mother's and child's well-being and functioning. A meta-analysis found a 13% incidence of postpartum depression during the first 12 weeks after birth. The patient's primary and continuing point of care is primary care. Despite the controversy surrounding screening and early detection in primary care settings, many PPD cases remain undetected. Due to the vagueness of this topic, screening tools must be able to detect situations. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify the best postpartum depression screening tool for use in primary healthcare among women of reproductive age METHODS This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. There will be access to the databases ClinicalTrials.gov., PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and EBSCO between January 2010 and September 2022, but only in English. Two reviewers will identify articles separately by reviewing article titles, abstracts, and full texts. Consensus will be used to settle any disagreements. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) will be used to assess the quality and potential for bias. Methodically, data extraction and content analysis will be performed. Quantitative data will be visualized using a forest plot with 95% confidence intervals. The summary receiver operating characteristic curve will characterize the outcome of the diagnostic test. To evaluate the data, the Review Manager 5.3 (Rev Man 5.3) software package will be implemented. RESULTS The suggested systematic review and meta-analyses will enable us to identify the best postpartum depression screening instrument for primary care use. CONCLUSIONS Many PPD cases remain undetected despite the controversy surrounding screening and early identification in primary care settings. Given the ambiguity surrounding this issue, screening tools must be effective at identifying cases. Therefore, we proposed the study to determine the accuracy of various screening instruments used in primary care to identify postpartum depression. These results can help guide future research and clinical objectives to better detect and treat maternal depression. CLINICALTRIAL Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020216067

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BACKGROUND Individuals in a prediabetic state are much more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)—4 times more likely than those with normal glucose tolerance. Lifestyle changes such as daily physical activity and healthy diets can decrease the risk of a prediabetic state. Mobile application intervention could be one of the solutions to improve self-management awareness and compliance with prediabetic state intervention. There are only a few studies in systematic reviews of mobile phone application interventions to prevent prediabetes yet. OBJECTIVE As a result, the goal of this study was to collect and summarize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of mobile phone applications for intervention in prediabetic patients METHODS This protocol was prepared in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. The database that will be used includes Clinicaltrials.gov, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCO with date restrictions between January 2007 and December 2022 in the English language only. Identification of articles will be done independently by three reviewers through the title of the articles, reviewing the abstract, and then the full-text article. Any disagreement will be resolved by consensus. The Cochrane tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. If the participants, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes are sufficiently similar, a meta-analysis will be performed. Extraction and content analysis will be performed systematically. Quantitative data will be presented graphically via forest plot with 95% confidence intervals. Where possible we will explore the heterogeneity and continue to conduct meta-analysis using the RevMan software package. RESULTS The proposed systematic review and meta-analyses will allow us to obtain the evidence exploring the effectiveness of mobile phone applications for intervention in prediabetic state patients. CONCLUSIONS Technologies (e.g., the internet, e-mail, and mobile phone applications) can provide practical, inexpensive, and scalable alternatives to traditional face-to-face procedures; this could also be applied to prediabetic patients in order to encourage lifestyle modification. CLINICALTRIAL This protocol has been registered in the Prospective Registry of Systematic Review (PROSPERO) database. The registration number is CRD42021243813