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The article emphasizes the importance of digital economy in gradual transition to a brand new level of the use of information technologies in all spheres of industrial and public life. Analysis of the current state of digital economy in the Russian Federation in relation to the world's leading countries in this area is carried out. The role of human capital in the formation of digital economy has been revealed with the rationale that the development of organizations during the period of transition to a digital economy is inextricably linked with the ability to effectively manage human capital. The main achievements of the Program for the development of the digital economy of Russia and expectations and the results desired from the implementation of the Program are provided. The results expected from the development of the digital economy while implementing the Program "Human Capital and Education", which implies quality growth and improving living conditions of the citizens of the country and is focused on a qualitatively new level of the country advancement are given. The objectives of educational institutions within the framework of personnel training for work in digital economy industry are described. The main factors of slowing down innovation activity and the development of modern information systems and the knowledge economy in Russia, are highlighted. Common problems in the implementation of the digital economy and directions for their minimization are named. Recommendations for the successful implementation of innovative programs of the development of the digital economy of Russia are given.