Bovine papillomaviruses (BPV) infect the basal layer of the epithelium of bovines, where they persist asymptomatically or produce benign fibroepithelial hyperplasia in the skin or mucosa. The present study aimed to describe the genotypes of bovine papillomas at macroscopic and microscopic level. A descriptive study was carried out, using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Ninety-nine papillomas from 63 animals out of 32 farms were collected, as well as information about age, gender, breed, and productive use of the bovines. The location, type and degree of epithelial invasion of the papillomas was recorded. The samples were subjected to molecular and histopathological analysis. The highest number of bovines with papillomas was found in dairy farms (75,0%), in females (95.0%), Holstein breed (45,0%), and animals with ages over 24 months (50,0%). Most of the animals presented from 1 to 15 papillomas (31.6%) and only one type of papilloma (79.4%). Cauliflower-like papillomas were found in 48.5% of the cases, while the atypical papilloma in 11.1% cases. Cauliflower-like papillomas were found mainly in udder (14,4%), head (10,0%) and neck (10,0%) and were associated to five BPV genotypes (BPV1, BPV2, BPV6, BPV7 and BPV10) while BPV2 and BPV6 were found associated with all types of papillomas (cauliflower, flat, pedunculated and atypical). The presence of BPV11 in flat and BPV6 in atypical papillomas is reported for the first time. The morphology and histopathological findings did not allow a differentiation of the BPV genotypes.

Introduction. The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes systemic destruction of ectodermal and mesodermal tissues in shrimp and can cause 100 % mortality. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an intracellular microsporidian that causes lysis of epithelial cells in hepatopancreatic tubules in shrimp. Objective. Detect the presence of WSSV and EHP in fifteen shrimp farms in the Gulf of Nicoya and the Central Pacific from Costa Rica. Materials and methods. Between January 2017 and July 2018 water during the filling process of the pond, postlarvae, and juvenile shrimp of Penaeus vannamei was collected, during a production cycle in each one of the fifteen farms. Samples were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers and protocols to detect the VP41B gene in WSSV, and the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of EHP. Results. The presence of WSSV was detected in one farm, while EHP was not detected in any of the fifteen farms. The sequencing of the amplified segments of the VP41B gene showed 100 % identity with isolated shrimp sequences in Taiwan and Mexico. Conclusion. WSSV was detected at a very low frequency and EHP was not detected in this study. It is necessary to continue monitoring these agents in the country’s shrimp farms.