Objective: Novel COVID-19 virus is extensively being studied for its long-term effects. A predominant trend of development of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Covid-19 patients is being observed, and hence further relation is explored in this study. Methods: This is an observational inductive retrospective study conducted for four months in a tertiary care hospital. The study included subjects who recovered from COVID-19 and were treated post-COVID-19 in the hospital. The subjects who had stable glucose counts were excluded. The data obtained from the medical record department encompassed demographic details and clinical data of the patient. The data were tabulated, and observations were reported using descriptive analysis. Results: Among 5632 admitted patients for COVID-19, 694 came for follow-up. 105 patients were re-admitted, but 11 had newly developed DM, and 14 observed uncontrolled DM managed by medical attention. The reported incidence rate in Newly-Diagnosed DM was 0.195%, and the person above 41 y was at greater risk. Similarly, the incidence rate in Uncontrolled-DM was 13.33%, and persons above 47 y were at greater risk. It was found that both these categories of patients had comorbidities, and the development of this was seen between the 25th-40th day. In both cases, males were more prone than females. Conclusion: The study reports a bi-directional relationship between Covid-19 and DM. The use of steroids may have stepped-up this relationship. Cautious use of steroids, changes in the hospital formulary, and further quantitative clinical investigations are primary recommendations that may prevent such episodes.

IntroductionIndia is home to many tribes which have an interesting and varied history of origins, customs and social practices. Oral health care in tribal areas is limited due to shortage of dental manpower, financial constraints and the lack of perceived need for dental care among tribal masses.ObjectiveTo assess orthodontic treatment need among tribal children of Indore division, Central India.MethodsA cross-sectional house to house survey was carried out among 800 tribal children aged 5 to 15 years old in two major tribal districts of Indore division. Permissions and consent were obtained from local administrative authorities, ethical committee and parents respectively. A structured proforma was used to record demographic data. Examination for dentofacial anomalies was conducted according to WHO 1997 survey methods. Descriptive tables and analytical tests like ANOVA, post-hoc and chi-square test were employed.ResultsThe mean age was 9.75(±2.43) years. The mean DAI score among 12 to 15 years old children was 23.19±5.22. Female exhibited higher (24.51±5.34) mean DAI score compared to males (22.12±4.87) (p<0.05). The Patelia tribes (24.38±5.13) reported higher mean DAI score than Bhilala (23.02±5.69) and Bhil tribe (22.73±4.79) (p<0.005).ConclusionThe tribal children had minor malocclusion with no or slight treatment need. Categorization of orthodontic treatment need according to malocclusion severity is particularly important for the planning of corresponding public policies. The isolation of the villages, lack of transportation options imposes limitations on the availability of health professionals to provide dental services.