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Historically it has not been terribly difficult for researchers to gain access to healthcare facilities to conduct user research such as contextual inquiry and workflow analysis. Today, some practitioners are finding it nearly impossible to get into facilities. One reason is that hospitals are getting progressively more risk-averse regarding patient confidentiality and patient safety and are less willing to have outsiders in the hospital, especially in procedure rooms. Another reason is a lack of understanding regarding how to coordinate with offices of compliance and institutional review boards (IRBs), and the fact that IRBs typically are set up to manage clinical trials rather than human factors research. The purpose of this panel was to raise awareness of healthcare access challenges, discuss solutions, and propose some best practices.

This paper presents the successful implementation of an innovative approach for improving oil recovery by water injection optimization with Injection Control Devices (ICD's) in unconventional reservoirs. Over the past decade, operators in Southeast Saskatchewan have been continually innovating and finding efficiencies to improving water injectivity across horizontal wellbores. In late 2016, the Crescent Point Energy started a trial campaign applying ICD's in relatively low flow rate environments to offset production decline and improve recovery in the Bakken, Shaunavon and Midale formations. Early term results show greater than 25% improvement is possible in oil recovery over typical waterflood configurations. The operator had applied waterflood as a secondary recovery method and found field trials to stabilize production decline and improve ultimate recovery. The effectiveness of waterflood in unconventional, fractured reservoirs has been debated. In some cases, short circuiting of injection water to production wells through fracture channels has occurred. This has been found to reduce sweep efficiency. The issue was evaluated and it was determined there was a need to equalize the injection profile across the horizontal wellbore. Understanding the flow profiles of injection wells was instrumental in developing diversion strategies. Applying Distributed Temperature Surveys (DTS) has been found to be an effective method of estimating flow profiles at relatively low flow rates. Using processed DTS data, a reservoir simulation model has been used to match unique injection profiles along horizontal wellbores. The results from these models supported the need to pursue injection diversion. Several means to optimize injection profiles have been trialed, the results of which support the theory of sweep optimization. However, the limited number of isolated injection points achievable with given wellbore diameters has impeded potential for this development. The introduction of ICD injection strings allows for an optimum number of injection points, improving sweep efficiency and accelerating voidage replacement. This paper reviews the design, execution and evaluation process used in more than 50 successful ICD installations in various fields across Saskatchewan. The performance of these ICD strings was then monitored and evaluated in collaboration with the operator and service providers.

This paper presents a method using multi-view visual odometry as an independent tool to reconstruct deposition trajectories in additive manufacturing processes. A physical testbed is presented including camera and encoder retrofits to a Lulzbot TAZ 6. The system, including added sensors, is interfaced using the Wattsworth decentralized IoT framework for data acquisition, preliminary processing, and storage. The proposed visual odometry method is presented, and preliminary testbed results show reliable encoder feedback and camera calibration for use as ground truth in future validation.