Our study is the first of its kind to specify predictors of poor outcomes after EI in female patients with symptomatic PAD. The strongest predictors of subsequent EI and TVR, limb loss, and vascular surgery, as well as death, were found to be chronic kidney disease (CKD; PRE-CR > 1.5 mg/dL), decreased BMI, Rutherford class, and anemia.

This study suggests that weaning protocols offer no hemodynamic benefits or improvement in in-hospital mortality rates. Weaning is associated with trend toward increased length of stay. We conclude that weaning offers no advantage over direct device removal and would advocate that balloon pumps be directly withdrawn when counterpulsation is terminated.

Our study is the first of its kind to specify predictors of mortality in female patients with symptomatic PAD. This study also provides a tool to identify female PAD patients at high risk for death after EI. Finally, it highlights the effect of CKD, age, and CHF on mortality of patients with PAD.