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The first enantioselective syntheses of ganomycin I, a meroterpenoid isolated from the Vietnamese mushroom Ganoderma colossum, and the related meroterpenoid fornicin A were accomplished. Our methodology for the total syntheses of these compounds featured the construction of the butenolide moiety by asymmetric dihydroxylation followed by Julia–Kocienski type olefin formation and ring‐closing metathesis reactions. The absolute configurations of the two natural products were determined by comparisons of specific rotation. A cell‐based assay of the synthetic compounds with transfected human embryonic kidney 293 tet‐off (E‐PR293) cells indicated that ganomycin I possesses cytotoxicity and fornicin A possesses weak anti‐HIV‐1 protease activity without cytotoxicity.

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