Endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS)is one of the most common surgeries performed for chronic sinusitis, but it carries a high risk of damaging adjacent organs, such as the skull base and orbit 1) . To minimize this risk, ESS is often performed utilizing an optical or magnetic surgical navigation system. However, there are still many reports of complications included CSF leak, diplopia, postoperative hemorrhage 2) ,3) . Skill learning support is necessary for the improvement of surgical outcomes. In recent years, there are many studies have been reported on ESS education methods using a sim-ulator based on real anatomical models or Virtual Reality (VR) . Abdulaziz et al. developed a 3D-printed model based on CT images of the patient for the training of ESS skills 4) . Also, there are many VR simulators with haptic feedback 5) ,6) . Samuel et al. developed a comparatively lowcost mixed-reality simulator combining VR and 3D-printed models 7) . In addition to the fact that the simulator can practice repeatedly, there are also a report that the experience level of the surgeon and the result of the simulator have a positive correlation 6) . Therefore, it can be said that simulator training is a useful training tool for resident. However, it is pointed out that there are few products that currently have been commercialized and they are very expensive, and there is no platform that can be widely used in training programs 8) -10) . Although the importance of training using a simulator is increasing, the traditional On the Job Training (OJT)is still important 9) ,11) . The traditional apprenticeship

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