The Draize test has been used on rabbits since the 1960s to evaluate the irritation caused by commercial chemicals in products such as cosmetics or hairdressing products. However, since 2003, such tests, including the Draize test for cosmetics, have been prohibited in European countries because they are considered problematic to animal welfare. For this reason, replacement of in vivo methods with the alternative in vitro methods has become an important goal. In this study, we established a corneal epithelial cell line co-expressing a mutant cyclin-dependent kinase 4 ( CDK4 ), Cyclin D1, and telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ). The established cell line maintained its original morphology and had an enhanced proliferation rate. Furthermore, the cells showed a significant, dose-dependent decrease in viability in an irritation test using glycolic acid and Benzalkonium chloride. These cells can now be shared with toxicology scientists and should contribute to increasing the reproducibility of chemical testing in vitro .

In this study, the effects of alkaline and silane surface treatments on the tensile property of jute fiber were investigated. Surface treatments were conducted in distilled water with 1 to 5% concentrations at room temperature (RT) for two hours. A quasi-static tensile test was conducted. Environmental temperatures were RT, 50°C and 100°C. As a result, the tensile strengths of 1% alkaline treated jute fiber were higher than those of virgin materials under all environmental temperatures. The Young's modulus of alkaline treated jute fiber under 50°C was higher than that of virgin material. The Young's modulus of alkaline treated jute fiber under 50°C was higher than that of virgin material. But, Young's modulus of alkaline treated jute fiber under 100°C almost did not change. It is thought that the tensile property of jute fiber was affected by the rate of cellulose in jute fiber after alkaline treatment. On the other hand, the tensile strength of silane treated jute fiber under RT was higher than that of virgin materials. Tensile strength of silane treated jute fiber under 50°C and 100°C almost did not change. Young's modulus of silane treated jute fiber under RT was higher than that of virgin material except for 5% concentration. And, Young's modulus of silane treated jute fiber under 50°C was higher than that of virgin materials. But, Young's modulus of silane treated jute fiber under 100°C almost did not change. Therefore, the tensile property of jute fiber at less than 50°C was affected by silane treatment because of the coupling silanol group with a surface of jute fibers.

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