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Microbial fuel was constructed using two liter plastic transparent chambers representing the cathode and anode poles. The electrodes used were carbon and copper which were utilized in producing a carboncarbon and copper-copper fuel cells respectively. A 1% sodium chloride and 2% agar proton exchange membrane was used to connect both chambers of the fuel cells. Waste water generated from students' hostel in Federal University of Technology Owerri [FUTO], Nigeria, was used as the substrate for pitching both fuel cells. An initial voltage of 308 mV and 338 mV were recorded for both fuel cells. The voltage was monitored for 14 days. During this period a maximum of 0.81 V and 0.62 to 0.02 V were recorded for the copper-copper and carbon-carbon fuel cells, respectively. The voltage production resembled typical growth curve with the performance of the copper-copper fuel cell being better than the carbon-carbon fuel cell in consistency. When both fuel cells were connected in series, a combined voltage of 138 mV (1.38 V) was obtained indicating that arranging the cells in series yielded a maximum output. When the microbial biofilm of both electrodes were analyzed, the microbial population included both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria which included the following: Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Micrococcus spp. This research demonstrates that microorganisms have the capacity to produce electricity using domestic wastewater as substrate.

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This study investigates the potential of ethanol production from agro wastes. Agro waste from sugarcane Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane baggasse, sugarcane bark) and maize plant Zea mays (corncob, corn stalk, corn husk) was subjected to a pretreatment process using acid hydrolysis was applied to remove lignin which acts as physical barrier to cellulolytic enzymes.Ethanolic fermentation was done using Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5days and the ethanol yield, specific gravity, pH and total reducing sugar were also determined. From the results, the specific gravity, sugar content and pH decreased over time while the Sugarcane baggasse, Sugarcane bark, Cornstalk, Corncob and Cornhusk gave maximum percentage ethanol yield of 6. 72, 6.23, 6.17, 4.17 and 3.45 respectively at 72hrs Fermentation. Maximum yields of ethanol were obtained at pH 3.60, 3.82, 4.00, 3.64 and 3.65. These findings show/prove that ethanol can be made from the named agricultural waste and the process is recommended as a means of generating wealth from waste.

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