An efficient one pot synthesis of pyranopyrazoles has been achieved by the four-component condensation of hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate, aldehydes and malononitrile using sodium lactate as a catalyst in aqueous ethanolic medium under reflux condition. The method is simple and green to afford pyranopyrazoles in a short time. It provides a new base catalyst that readily gives product from moderate to excellent yields.

Synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole compounds from an aromatic aldehyde, benzil and ammonium acetate is demonstrated using biodegradable lactic acid at 160 °C. This method is a simple, environmentally benign, and works for aromatic aldehyde containing electron donating and electron withdrawing groups. Graphic abstractO Ph O Ph Ar-CHO CH 3 COONH 4 Lactic Acid N H N Ar Ph Ph

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract