The present study was undertaken to examine the marketing channel, marketing margin, seasonal price variation, problems and probable solutions of egg marketing in Gazipur district. The sample size of the study was 55 which included 15 layer farm owners and 40 egg traders selected purposively. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. In egg marketing system five different channels were identified. The average marketing costs for layer farm owner, arathder, wholesaler, wholesaler cum retailer and retailer were Tk. 3.23, Tk. 20.60, Tk.16.34, Tk.13.09 and Tk. 12.51 per 100 eggs, respectively. The net marketing margins for arathder, wholesaler, wholesaler cum retailer and retailer were estimated at Tk. 9.40, Tk.13.60, Tk. 21.91 and Tk. 32.50. Price was the highest in the month of July and lowest in the month of December. There was a wide seasonal price variation of egg in the selected markets due to change in demand and supply at different times of the year. The study identified some problems of layer farming and marketing of egg, and suggested measures for solving these problems.

This study examines the production, marketing, and price behavior of fish fry and feed using primary and secondary data. Eighty‐four respondents were interviewed from Mymensingh, Gazipur, and Khulna districts. It is revealed that fish feed producers earned satisfactory profit of Tk 28 by investing Tk 100. On the other hand, fish feed dealers and subdealers seem to be obtained more than normal profit of Tk 140 and 118, respectively, by investing Tk 100 per annum. Fish fry traders' profit was seemingly excessive as their annual rate of return ranged from 267 to 829% and this return was much higher in lean period compared with peak period. Sharp seasonal price variation of fish fry existed because of variation in competition and size of fry. Finally, fry markets were highly integrated, although less integration existed between fry and fish markets.

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Medicinal plants serve as important therapeutic agents as well as valuable raw materials for manufacturing numerous traditional and modern medicines. Aloe vera is a top ranked medicinal plant in Bangladesh. The objective of this study is to investigate the costs, returns and profitability of Aloe vera medicinal plant. The data were collected from the selected farmers of Bogura and Natore districts in Bangladesh during 2018. The total sample size is 123. The study applies the profitability analysis, break-even points and margin of safety percentage techniques. Surveyed farms are found at ranged from 0.01 to 0.41 hectares. Average cost of production per hectare is found at Tk. 876468.80, of which Tk. 647156.40 for operational cost and Tk. 229312.40 for fixed costs accounting for 73.84% and 26.16% of the total cost, respectively. The average yield of Aloe vera is stood at 41487.62 kg per hectare which is sold to two different markets: contract markets and local market. The mean price is estimated at Tk. 32.42 per kg in study area. The gross margin and net margin per hectare are found to be Tk. 698068.02 and Tk. 468755.61, respectively. The breakeven analysis showed that in the case of yield and price, the margin of safety percentage of Aloe vera is -53.48. It is also found at 42.01, 67.15 and 34.85 for variable cost, fixed cost and total cost of Aloe vera production. Therefore, the study noted that the Aloe vera medicinal plant production is profitable in the study area. Farmers have a great opportunity to allocate more land to Aloe vera production, which will make them more profit. Break-even analysis of Aloe vera production resists a large drop of yield and price before incurring a loss, which gives the farmers a comfortable margin of safety and a risk bearing ability. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(1): 75-81, April 2020

The study was undertaken to investigate the marketing of vegetable seed in private sector as well as public sector in five selected areas of Bangladesh. Besides for traders' survey apart from above mentioned areas Mymensingh town and Dhaka city were selected. Three types of respondents, such as vegetable growers, seed traders and seed importers/producers were interviewed with the help of pretested questionnaire during January to April, 1998. 50% of the seeds used were either retained by farmers from previous seasons or purchased from other farmers. Traders handled 48 per cent of the seed and the remaining two per cent was marketed by public sector. Importers and traders purchased seed at Tk. 502190.47 and 140913.33 per quintal, respectively. The production cost of seed producing farm was Tk. 162236.84.