Introduction.Construction of engineering structures is impossible without building and road machines. The large volume of financing is allocated for such machines’ purchase. The main ways of reducing costs of the equipment consist in more rational operation of the equipment and also in decrease of equipment’s cost by constructive changes. The paper demonstrates the new design of the single-bucket hydraulic excavator with smaller cost.Materials and methods.The main ways of cost reduction for construction machines are more rational operation and depreciation of a design with the required characteristics’ maintaining. The paper describes constructive changes of the working equipment of the single-bucket hydraulic excavator, which allow decreasing the production costs.Results.The authors describe the new bucket design of the single-bucket hydraulic excavator. Moreover, the authors carry out the analysis of the existing buckets’ design. The paper also illustrates the functioning on bucket forces while digging process. The authors describe the solutions of the problem for productivity increase of the single-bucket in hydraulic excavators. In addition, the authors make the scheme of the bucket loading while digging process. Such scheme helps to reduce resistance forces of digging.Discussion and conclusions.As a result, the paper presents the design of the working equipment of the hydraulic excavator’s single-bucket, which allows reducing resistance forces of digging. Such results would help to establish buckets of bigger capacity and would lead to the productivity increase.

The paper reviews the methods of cleaning plastic parts from flash. The principle of plant operation to obtain L. A. Yutkin electro-hydraulic effect is considered. The design of a pilot plant, as well as replaceable devices used to remove the flash from the edges of plastic parts is presented. The results of experimental studies of the electro-hydraulic effect for deflashing are presented.

БуРлАкОВ Рудиарий Борисович, кандидат физикоматематических наук, доцент (Россия), доцент кафедры «Прикладная и медицинская физика».

The paper presents the results of experimental studies to determine the rational technological parameters of shock-acoustic treatment (SAT) in order to provide the best antifriction properties for the outer surfaces of parts made of Steel 45. On the basis of experimentally selected processing modes, the specified values of overlap coefficients for the ultrasonic instrument and workpiece contact areas are determined. The use of shock-acoustic treatment with simultaneous application of a solid lubricant coating allows the surface microhardness to be increased almost by the factor of two and the roughness to be reduced to Ra 0.2.

The paper studies the effect of parameters of a thin-layer copper-based coating applied by magnetron sputtering on the wear resistance of samples made of steel 18Cr2Ni4WA when working in a friction pair “18Cr2Ni4WA – cast iron GG 15”. The rational values for the thickness of the applied copper coating are determined, at which the lowest friction torque during the burn-in period and the minimum burn-in time are achieved. Jeol JCM-5700 Scanning Electron Microscope is used to study the friction track of samples and counter bodies. It is found that in the process of friction, the coating is selectively transferred from copper to the surface of the counter body, which significantly reduces the wear of the counter body.