Vertebral fractures frequently occur in patients with AS after minor trauma and often lead to neurological symptoms, which in turn are associated with spinal stenosis and hyperlordosis. Paravertebral hematomas and non-combined fractures are accompanied by higher incidences of other complications. The female gender entails a higher mortality rate.
RESUMO -Objetivo: Descrever os resultados imediatos e tardios da cirurgia para correção de escoliose em pacientes com amiotrofia espinhal progressiva (AEP). Método: 14 pacientes com AEP submetidos a cirurgia para escoliose foram selecionados para análise retrospectiva dos prontuários e radiografias, assim como para exame radiográfico e aplicação de um questionário na consulta final. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 22 meses. A escoliose média pré-operatória foi de 78,4° pelo método de Cobb. Todos os pacientes apresentavam obliqüidade pélvica (média de 25,5°) e 11 apresentavam cifose. A média de idade à época da cirurgia foi de 12 anos e 3 meses. Em 12 pacientes foi realizada artrodese via posterior com instrumental de Luque-Galveston, e em 2 com instrumental de Cotrel-Dubousset. Resultados: Foi obtida correção no pós-operatório imediato de 64,3% da escoliose, 36,4% da cifose e 70,9% da obliqüidade pélvica. As complicações foram fístula liquórica e infecção precocemente em um caso; e tardiamente soltura da amarria de T1, em dois casos. Houve perda média de correção no final do seguimento de 0,26° da escoliose e de 1,28° da obliqüidade pélvica. Os pais e os pacientes referiram boa melhora em relação aos aspectos estéticos, postura, equilíbrio para sentar e cuidados de higiene, assim como das intercorrências respiratórias. Conclusão: A cirurgia para escoliose na AEP tem impacto satisfatório quanto à estética, qualidade de vida e função respiratória dos pacientes, com mínima perda da correção obtida com o tempo e com poucas complicações.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: amiotrofia espinhal progressiva, escoliose, artrodese de coluna, tratamento ortopédico, doenças neuromusculares. Surgical treatment of scoliosis in spinal muscular atrophyABSTRACT -Objective: To describe the early and late postoperative data from SMA patients with surgical procedure. Method: Clinical data and radiographic imaging from 14 SMA patients with surgical treatment of scoliosis were reviewed, and all were reassessed clinically with new spinal radiographs and a questionnaire. The mean follow-up were 22 months. The mean preoperative Cobb angle was 78.4°. All patients presented pelvic obliquity (mean 25.5°) and 11 had cifosis. The mean age at time of surgery was 12 years and 3 months. All patients were treated with posterior spinal fusion with Luque-Galveston instrumentation in 12 and CotrelDubousset instrumentation in 2. Results: The average curve correction at the immediate postoperative was 64.3% for scoliosis and 36.4% for cifosis, with the pelvic obliquity correction of the 70.9%. The complications were liquoric fistula and infection earlier in one case, and lately wire looseness of T1 in 2 patients. It was detected mean lost of the correction at the final assessment of the 0.26° of the scoliosis and the 1.28° of the pelvic obliquity. Relatives and the patients related good improvement regarding to esthetic aspects, posture balance, body care, as well as respiratory problems. Conclusion: The spinal fusion for scoliosis in SMA patients has a satisfactory i...
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